BACKGROUND: Eating disorders (EDs) have become a global public health concern among adolescents and young adults. However, Chinese university students exhibit a high prevalence of eating disorders. This study aims to investigate the effects of self-esteem (SE) and body shape (BS) on ED behaviors among Chinese university students.
METHODS: Using random sampling, 946 Chinese university students (aged 18 to 24, M = 19.94, SD = 1.04) participated in a survey comprising the Sick, Control, One, Fat, and Food Questionnaire (SCOFF-Q), the Body Shape Questionnaire (BS-Q), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RS-S) to assess their eating disorder or non-eating disorder (NED) behavior.
RESULTS: There was a significant positive correlation between body shape and eating disorder behaviors (r = 0.19, p < 0.01), while there was a significant negative correlation between self-esteem and eating disorder behaviors (r = -0.14, p = 0.001 < 0.01). Gender was a moderating factor in the relationship between body shape and eating disorder behaviors (t = 3.14, p = 0.002 < 0.01), while parents\' marital status was a moderating factor in the relationship between self-esteem and eating disorder behavior (t = 2.72, p = 0.007 < 0.01). Body shape (z = 6.47, p = 0.001 < 0.01), self-esteem (z = -2.81, p = 0.005 < 0.05), and gender (z = 3.06, p = 0.002 < 0.01) significantly influenced eating disorder behavior among Chinese university students aged 18-24 years.
CONCLUSIONS: There was a direct effect between body shape and self-esteem and eating disorder behaviors among Chinese university students aged 18-24 years. Alarmingly, female university students are becoming susceptible to external influences on self-esteem and body shape, leading to eating disorder behaviors at an increasingly younger age in China.

暂无摘要。

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI), chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in populations with different body types defined by BMI.
RESULTS: 24 191 participants from the Jinchang cohort were involved in the prospective cohort study with a 2.3-year follow-up. Information from epidemiological investigations, comprehensive health examinations and biochemical examinations was collected. MASLD was assessed by abdominal ultrasonography. BMI and CVAI were calculated using recognized formulas. Cox regressions, Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed. The risk of MASLD increased with the increase in BMI and CVAI (Ptrend <0.001), and there was a nonlinear dose-response relationship. In the total population, BMI and CVAI increased the risk of MASLD with adjusted HR (95%CI) of 1.097 (1.091-1.104) and 1.024 (1.023-1.026), respectively. The results were similar in the lean and overweight/obese groups. There was also a nonlinear relationship between CVAI and MASLD (Pnon-linearity<0.001), no matter in which group. The area under the curve of CVAI was significantly higher than that of BMI in females with different body types, and the areas in the whole females were 0.802 (95%CI: 0.787-0.818) and 0.764 (95%CI: 0.747-0.780), respectively. There was no significant difference in the ability of BMI and CVAI to predict MASLD in all-sex and males, either in lean or overweight/obese groups.
CONCLUSIONS: CVAI and BMI were independently associated with the risk of MASLD regardless of body types defined by BMI, and CVAI showed better diagnostic ability for MASLD in females.

Overweight and obese females demonstrate a significantly increased risk of anovulatory infertility. This study aims to investigate whether depression score could mediate the association between a body shape index (ABSI) and infertility, especially in overweight and obese population.
We included 5431 adult female Americans from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2018) database. ABSI manifested the body shape using waist circumference, weight, and height. Infertility or fertility status was defined by interviewing female participants aged ≥ 18 through the reproductive health questionnaires. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with total scores between 0 and 27. To investigate the association of infertility with ABSI and other individual components, survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression was performed. Mediation analysis of PHQ-9 score was conducted to disentangle the pathways that link ABSI to infertility among the NHANES participants.
596 (10.97%) females were categorized with having infertility among 5431 participants. Participants with infertility showed higher ABSI and PHQ-9 score, appearing greater population proportion with depression symptoms. In the multivariable logistic regression model, ABSI (adjusted odds ratio = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.50) and PHQ-9 (adjusted odds ratio = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.07) were positively associated with infertility. PHQ-9 score was estimated to mediate 0.2% (P = 0.03) of the link between ABSI and infertility in all individuals, but to mediate 13.5% (P < 0.01) of the ABSI-infertility association in overweight and obese adult females.
The association between ABSI and infertility seems to be mediated by depression symptoms scored by PHQ-9, especially in those adult females with overweigh and obesity. Future studies should be implemented to further explore this mediator in ABSI-infertility link.

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between breast cancer and somatotypes during early life by meta-analysis and give the corresponding advice.
Observational studies till April 5, 2021, which explore women with/without breast cancer who used the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale/Sørensen Somatotypes to evaluate their somatotype before 18 years of age and distant breast cancer risk were included. Using random/fixed-effect models, the pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Then a nonlinear dose-response meta-analysis was conducted using restricted cubic spline analysis.
Six articles involving 15,211 breast cancer patients from 341,905 individuals were included for performing a meta-analysis of early somatotype and breast cancer risk. The pooled results showed that the protection became stronger with the increase of somatotype until it reached 6. The restricted cubic spline model indicated a linear relationship between somatotypes and breast cancer (P-nonlinearity = 0.533). Subgroup analysis of menopausal status showed that increasing somatotype during childhood was increasingly protective against postmenopausal breast cancer from somatotype 3 to somatotype 6, with a 0.887-fold (RR = 0.887, 95% CI: 0.842, 0.934) to 0.759-fold (RR = 0.759, 95% CI: 0.631, 0.913) decreased risk of breast cancer (P-nonlinearity = 0.880), but this association was not found in the population with premenopausal breast cancer (P-nonlinearity = 0.757). When stratified by age, among people younger than 10 years of age, an increase in somatotype was associated with a statistically significant reduction in breast cancer risk. From somatotype 3 to somatotype 6, the risk of breast cancer was reduced by 9.7-27.7% (P-nonlinearity = 0.175).
With early-life adiposity, our data support an inverse association with breast cancer risk, especially age less than 10 years and in postmenopausal women. Since girls with overweight likely remain overweight or even develop obesity in adulthood. While adults with overweight and obese are at increased risk of breast cancer and other types of cancer and various chronic diseases. Hence, we recommend that children should maintain a normal or slightly fat somatotype throughout all periods of life.

Although recent evidence has revealed that a body shape index (ABSI) is correlated with the incidence of death among different ethnicities, there remains a paucity of studies investigating the impact of ABSI on mortality within the Chinese elderly. Our objective was to ascertain the link between ABSI, as well as its alterations over time, and all-cause mortality among Chinese aged 65 y and above. A total of 3789 participants were enrolled from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Cox regressions and restricted cubic splines were employed to assess the association of ABSI and relative changes with all-cause mortality. When nonlinearity was detected, a restricted cubic spline regression was subsequently conducted to compute hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The median survival time was 46 months, and 1342 individuals (35.4%) were reported to have died. ABSI contributed independently to rising death rates among Chinese old populations according to univariate and multivariate Cox regressions. Statistically significant associations were also found stratified by age, sex, and lifestyle. A U-shaped association of ABSI changes with all-cause mortality (p = 0.027) was observed, indicating that old adults with stable ABSI during the follow-up period experienced the lowest risk of mortality. After multivariable adjustment, participants with a 10% reduction in ABSI changes had an increased 9.4% risk of death, while participants with a 10% rise in ABSI changes had an increased 1.9% risk. ABSI and its changes are predictors for all-cause mortality among the elderly Chinese population, which emphasizes the clinical importance of monitoring ABSI and keeping it stable over time.

Body shape and fitness (BSF) is critical for overall well-being, while university students in China are subjected to stress, peer pressure, performance anxiety, busy schedules, and lack of sleep, which can easily lead to poor BSF. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice of BSF and related factors among university students in China.
This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on students of 15 universities in China between September 1st and November 30th, 2022. The KAP scores were evaluated using a 38-item questionnaire, including social demography, knowledge, attitude, and practice. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with KAP.
A total of 995 valid questionnaires were collected. There were 431 (43.3%) males and 564 (56.7%) females. Most participants were sophomores (51.2%) and freshmen (36.3%). Most participants had a BMI of 18-24 kg/m2 (66.1%). The students scored highly on BSF-related knowledge (8.30 ± 1.49), moderately on attitude (37.20 ± 4.46), and low on practice (19.64 ± 4.62). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that attitude score (P = 0.001), sex (P = 0.001), grade (P = 0.011), body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.050), parent\'s education level (P = 0.005), monthly allowance (P < 0.050), and sleep quality and habits (P = 0.016) were independently associated with practice scores.
University students in China were found to have good knowledge, moderate attitude, and poor practice toward BSF. Attitude, sex, grade, BMI, parents\' education, monthly living expenses, and sleep quality and habits affected their practice. More BSF-related courses or activities are required to motivate students, especially females.

Kidney disease is related to visceral obesity. As a new indicator of obesity, body roundness index (BRI) has not been fully revealed with kidney disease. This study\'s objective is to assess the relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and BRI among the Chinese population.
This study enrolled 36,784 members over the age of 40, they were from 7 centers in China by using a random sampling method. BRI was computed using height and waist circumference, eGFR ≤ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 was considered to indicate low eGFR. To lessen bias, propensity score matching was employed, multiple logistic regression models were utilized to examine the connection between low eGFR and BRI.
The age, diabetes and coronary heart disease rates, fasting blood glucose, and triglycerides were all greater in participants with low eGFR. The BRI quartile was still positively connected with low eGFR after controlling for confounding variables, according to multivariate logistic regression analysis. (OR [95%CI] Q2:1.052 [1.021-1.091], OR [95%CI] Q3:1.189 [1.062-1.284], OR [95%CI] Q4:1.283 [1.181-1.394], P trend < 0.001). Stratified research revealed that the elders, women, habitual smokers, and those with a history of diabetes or hypertension experienced the connection between BRI level and low eGFR. According to ROC, BRI was able to detect low eGFR more accurately.
Low eGFR in the Chinese community is positively connected with BRI, which has the potential to be used as an effective indicator for screening kidney disease to identify high-risk groups and take appropriate measures to prevent subsequent complications.

The body roundness index (BRI) is a novel anthropometric index that is a better indicator for predicting fat distribution than the body mass index (BMI). The longitudinal study can repeatedly collect measured results for the variables to be studied and then consider the potential effects of intraindividual changes in measurement. However, few population-based, longitudinal studies of BRI have been conducted, especially among the Chinese population. The study aimed to investigate the association of BRI and its longitudinal trajectories with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
A total of 71,166 participants with four times BRI measurements between January 2010 and December 2019 were included in this longitudinal study, with a median follow-up was 7.93 years, and 11,538 deaths were recorded, of which 5,892 deaths were due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). A latent class growth mixture modeling (LCGMM) was used to identify BRI trajectories. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate associations between BRI trajectories and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
In the restricted cubic spline regression models, a U-shaped relationship between BRI and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was observed. Three BRI longitudinal trajectories of low-stable (mean BRI = 2.59), moderate-stable (mean BRI = 3.30), and high-stable (mean BRI = 3.65) were identified by LCGMM. After being adjusted for potential confounders, the HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.18 (1.13-1.24) for the moderate-stable group and 1.74 (1.66-1.82) for the high-stable group compared to the low-stable group. The HRs for cardiovascular mortality were 1.12 (1.05-1.18) for the moderate-stable group and 1.64 (1.53-1.75) for the high-stable group compared to the low-stable group.
A nonlinear association of BRI with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was observed, and participants in the higher BRI longitudinal trajectory group were significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

A concern of reverse causation exists about the association between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) prognosis and body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis, while the prognostic impact of BMI measured years before diagnosis is unknown. Therefore, we investigated associations of prediagnosis and pretreatment BMI and body shape on NPC mortality. From a population-based patient cohort in southern China between 2010 and 2013, we included 2526 incident NPC cases with prospective follow-up through 2018. We assessed the associations of BMI and body shape at age 20 years, 10 years before diagnosis, and at diagnosis with NPC mortality, combining strategies of stratification and statistical adjustment to minimize reverse causation. We observed 25% lower all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64-0.89) and 25% lower NPC-specific mortality (HR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61-0.91) among overweight vs normal-weight NPC cases at diagnosis. Lean body shapes 1 and 2 at diagnosis were associated with 68% and 23% higher all-cause mortality, respectively, compared to normal body shape 3. No effect modification by cancer stage was detected for associations with all-cause or NPC-specific mortality. Associations with BMI and body shape 10 years before diagnosis were similar but attenuated, while body size and shape at age 20 were not associated with mortality. Being overweight at diagnosis decreased mortality, and thinner body shape increased mortality, compared to normal weight/body shape. These associations may be due to poorer nutrition and treatment intolerance, resulting in treatment discontinuation and worse survival outcomes.