感知数字化,将感官体验转化为数字数据的过程,是一个新兴的研究前沿,它将物理世界与人类的感知和互动联系起来。这个领域很大程度上受到适应性的启发,容错,鲁棒性,和生物感官固有的能源效率,推动众多创新数字化技术的发展。在这些技术中,神经形态生物电子学,以仿生适应性为特征,通过刺激-反应和反馈回路与生物实体的无缝双向相互作用而脱颖而出,结合生物神经形态智能进行信息交换。这篇综述阐述了感官数字化的最新进展,不仅包括身体感觉的数字表示,如触摸,光,和温度,与触觉相关,视觉,和热感知,而且还检测生化刺激,如气体,离子,和神经递质,反映嗅觉,味觉,和神经过程。它彻底检查了材料设计,设备制造,和系统集成,提供详细的见解。然而,该领域面临重大挑战,包括开发新的设备/系统范例,与生物系统建立真正的联系,确保与半导体行业的兼容性,克服标准化的缺失。展望未来,我们的目标是实现生物相容的神经修复,外骨骼,柔软的人形机器人,以及与生物组织和人造组件平滑结合的控制论装置,弥合有机领域和合成领域之间的差距。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
Sense digitalization, the process of transforming sensory experiences into digital data, is an emerging research frontier that links the physical world with human perception and interaction. Inspired by the adaptability, fault tolerance, robustness, and energy efficiency of biological senses, this field drives the development of numerous innovative digitalization techniques. Neuromorphic bioelectronics, characterized by biomimetic adaptability, stand out for their seamless bidirectional interactions with biological entities through stimulus-response and feedback loops, incorporating bio-neuromorphic intelligence for information exchange. This review illustrates recent progress in sensory digitalization, encompassing not only the digital representation of physical sensations such as touch, light, and temperature, correlating to tactile, visual, and thermal perceptions, but also the detection of biochemical stimuli such as gases, ions, and neurotransmitters, mirroring olfactory, gustatory, and neural processes. It thoroughly examines the material design, device manufacturing, and system integration, offering detailed insights. However, the field faces significant challenges, including the development of new device/system paradigms, forging genuine connections with biological systems, ensuring compatibility with the semiconductor industry and overcoming the absence of standardization. Future ambition includes realization of biocompatible neural prosthetics, exoskeletons, soft humanoid robots, and cybernetic devices that integrate smoothly with both biological tissues and artificial components.