关于特应性疾病的患病率与神经发育障碍（ND）之间的关联的报道在文献中一直不一致。我们调查了自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD），其他NDS在哮喘儿童中更为普遍，特应性皮炎（AD）和过敏性鼻炎（AR）与没有特定特应性条件的患者相比。对出生时登记的2580名儿童进行了前瞻性随访，其中119名患有ASD，423有多动症,765有其他ID，1273没有NDS。根据电子病历中的医生诊断来定义特应性疾病和ND。调整母婴特征的Logistic回归估计了ND之间的关联(即，ASD,多动症,和其他NDS)和哮喘，AD和AR,分别。哮喘儿童,与没有特定特应性疾病的儿童相比，AD或AR患ADHD或其他ND的可能性更大。调整母婴因素后，ASD与哮喘之间的关联减弱。患有特应性疾病的母亲或儿童以及患有特应性疾病的母亲和儿童都与儿童多动症的患病率更高相关。与没有患有特应性疾病的母亲和儿童相比。与没有或只有一种类型的特应性疾病的儿童相比，被诊断患有多种特应性疾病的儿童更可能患有ND。总之,在这个美国城市出生队列中，患有特应性疾病的儿童的ND合并症较高.该发现对寻找ND和特应性条件的常见早期生命前兆的病因学研究具有重要意义。这项研究的结果还应该提高医疗保健提供者和父母对ND和特应性疾病可能同时发生的认识。这需要协调努力来筛查，预防和管理NDS和特应性疾病。
Reports on the association between the prevalence of atopic diseases and neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDs) have been inconsistent in the literature. We investigated whether autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit-hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), and other NDs are more prevalent in children with asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic rhinitis (AR) compared to those without specific atopic conditions. A total of 2580 children enrolled at birth were followed prospectively, of which 119 have ASD, 423 have ADHD, 765 have other NDs, and 1273 have no NDs. Atopic diseases and NDs were defined based on physician diagnoses in electronic medical records. Logistic regressions adjusting for maternal and child characteristics estimated the associations between NDs (i.e., ASD, ADHD, and other NDs) and asthma, AD and AR, respectively. Children with asthma, AD or AR had a greater likelihood of having ADHD or other NDs compared with children without specific atopic conditions. The association between ASD and asthma diminished after adjusting for maternal and child factors. Either mothers or children having atopic conditions and both mothers and children with atopic conditions were associated with a higher prevalence of ADHD in children, compared with neither mothers nor children having atopic conditions. Children diagnosed with multiple atopic diseases were more likely to have NDs compared with those without or with only one type of atopic disease. In conclusion, in this U.S. urban birth cohort, children with atopic diseases had a higher co-morbidity of NDs. The findings have implications for etiologic research that searches for common early life antecedents of NDs and atopic conditions. Findings from this study also should raise awareness among health care providers and parents about the possible co-occurrence of both NDs and atopic conditions, which calls for coordinated efforts to screen, prevent and manage NDs and atopic conditions.
