Nephrology Nursing

肾内科护理
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    随着医疗改革的不断深入和各种管理模式的不断尝试和探索,传统的医疗保健模式正在发生巨大变化,患者对医疗机构的需求越来越全面。医疗机构正在同时满足为患者提供医疗服务的需求。更需要转变思想,提升服务理念。本文基于案例深度学习医院护理业务流程再造,对一体化护理信息化建设在肾内科护理中的应用及可行性进行研究。本文采用文献分析法,社会调查法,等方法探讨综合护理信息化建设。一方面,本文内容运用流程再造的概念,分析医院护理行业的发展现状和存在的问题,寻找解决问题的对策。另一方面,本文的主要研究内容是综合护理信息化建设及其在肾内科护理中的应用和可行性分析。同时,在移动互联网快速发展的背景下,对护理信息化建设的持续转型进行拓展思考。根据调查结果,87.5%的肾内科患者对目前医院的工作效率不满意,85.7%的肾内科护理人员对当前科室的信息化管理总体满意。医院信息集成系统实施后,患者满意度高达98.2%,医务人员满意度达94.2%。一体化护理信息化建设对肾内科护理的应用起到了很大的作用。
    With the continuous deepening of medical reforms and the continuous attempts and explorations of various management models, the traditional health care model is undergoing tremendous changes, and patients\' needs for medical institutions are becoming more and more comprehensive. Medical institutions are meeting the needs of providing medical services to patients at the same time. It is even more necessary to change our thinking and enhance the service concept. This article is based on case-based deep learning hospital nursing business process reengineering and the application and feasibility study of integrated nursing information construction in nephrology nursing. This article uses the literature analysis method, the social survey method, and other methods to discuss the construction of integrated nursing information. On the one hand, the content of this article uses the concept of process reengineering to analyze the current development status and existing problems of the hospital care industry and find countermeasures to solve problems. On the other hand, the main research content of this article is the construction of integrated nursing information and its analysis of the application and feasibility of nursing in the nephrology department. At the same time, under the background of the rapid development of the mobile Internet, we will carry out extended thinking on the continuous transformation of the construction of nursing information. According to the survey results, 87.5% of patients in the nephrology department are dissatisfied with the current hospital\'s work efficiency, and 85.7% of the nursing staff in the nephrology department are generally satisfied with the information management of the current department. After the implementation of the hospital information integration system, patient satisfaction is as high as 98.2%, and the satisfaction of medical staff reached 94.2%. The construction of integrated nursing information has played a great role in the application of nephrology nursing.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:分析探讨路径式健康教育对糖尿病肾病患者肾功能的影响。
    方法:选取2018年1月至2021年1月我院收治的糖尿病肾病患者162例,参与者被随机分为研究组(n=79)和对照组(n=83)。对照组给予常规护理。而研究组接受路径式健康教育。GQOLI-74,MUIS-A得分,生化指标,膳食指标,认知,血糖水平,比较两组患者的肾功能。
    结果:两组的GQOLI-74评分明显较高,而MUIS-A评分明显较低,虽然研究组的变化比对照组更显著(P<0.05)。两组生化指标均显著下降,但研究组比对照组变化更显著(P0.05);两组营养指标值均显著增加,但研究组的营养指标值与对照组相比显著升高(P0.05);对照组对药物治疗的认识,基础知识,锻炼,饮食占79.4%,78.9%,73.4%,91.0%,分别,以及研究组对药物治疗的认识,基础知识,锻炼,饮食占90.3%,96.4%,92.8%,94.0%。研究组知晓率高于对照组(P0.05)。两组的血糖指标均显著降低;然而,研究组血糖水平较对照组下降更明显(P0.05)。两组的肾功能指标均明显降低,但研究组肾功能指标明显低于对照组(P0.05)。
    结论:路径式健康教育是一种新的可调整营养指标的护理方法,改善血糖和肾功能,并显著提高患者对疾病的认识,这可以进一步提高患者对治疗的依从性。该护理方法具有较高的应用可行性和临床应用价值。
    OBJECTIVE: Analyze and examine the effectiveness of path-based health education for patients with diabetic nephropathy and renal function.
    METHODS: The 162 diabetic nephropathy patients admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were selected, and participants were randomly assigned to groups: study group (n = 79) and control group (n = 83). The control group received routine nursing care, whereas the study group received path-type health education. GQOLI-74, MUIS-A scores, biochemical indicators, dietary indicators, cognition, blood glucose levels, and renal function were compared between the two groups.
    RESULTS: The GQOLI-74 score of the two groups was substantially higher, while the MUIS-A score was significantly lower, although the study group changed more significantly (P < 0.05) than the control group. The biochemical markers in both groups decreased significantly, but the study group changed more dramatically (P0.05) than the control group; the nutritional index values of both groups increased significantly, but the study group\'s nutritional index values increased significantly (P0.05) when compared to those of the control group; the control group\'s awareness of drug treatment, basic knowledge, exercise, and diet was 79.4 percent, 78.9 percent, 73.4 percent, and 91.0 percent, respectively, and the study group\'s awareness of drug treatment, basic knowledge, exercise, and diet was 90.3%, 96.4%, 92.8%, and 94.0%. The study group exhibited greater awareness (P0.05) than the control group. The blood glucose indices of both groups were dramatically lowered; however, the study group\'s blood glucose level declined more significantly (P0.05) than the control group. The renal function indices of both groups were considerably lower, but the study group\'s renal function indexes were significantly lower (P0.05) than those of the control group.
    CONCLUSIONS: Pathway health education is a new nursing method that can adjust nutritional indicators, improve blood sugar and kidney function, and significantly increase patients\' awareness of the disease, which can further improve patient compliance with treatment. This nursing method has high application feasibility and high clinical value.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the experience of multiple concurrent symptoms over time and their impact on daily living in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis.
    BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing dialysis experienced multiple concurrent symptoms because of the disease and treatment. Evidence suggests that these symptoms cluster around and have a significant impact on quality of life. However, the experience of this impact remained not clear.
    METHODS: A longitudinal descriptive qualitative study.
    METHODS: Ten patients were purposely selected from the cohort of a longitudinal quantitative study in Hong Kong. A total of 28 face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted between July 2017 and July 2018. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Findings were reported following the COREQ checklist.
    RESULTS: Four themes emerged from the data. The first theme \"complex symptom experience\" described a dynamic pattern of symptoms among patients. Although patients were unaware of the relationships among symptoms, a cluster of tiredness, breathlessness, dizziness and sleep disturbance was identified in the narratives of individual symptoms. The report of symptom experience and its change revealed a unique pattern of symptom perception. The three other themes illustrated the impact of multiple concurrent symptoms on daily living, namely \"decreased physical functioning,\" \"changes in social functioning\" and \"diet and fluid restrictions.\"
    CONCLUSIONS: Patients perceived dynamic and complex symptom experiences. This perception appears to be modulated by a number of factors. In addition, these experiences had negative and positive effects on patients\' daily living.
    CONCLUSIONS: Patients perceived unique impact of symptoms on daily living. Therefore, a nurse-led person-centred approach of care is warranted. In addition to routine symptom assessment, nurses need to capture the specific impact of symptoms on day-to-day life. Based on this assessment, symptom management interventions (e.g. health education, referral) can be tailor-made and prioritised.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of a home exercise programme on patients\' perceptions of the barriers and benefits to exercise and adherence to the programme.
    BACKGROUND: Great efforts have been made to encourage dialysis patients to participate in rehabilitation regimens. The promotion of exercise in this population is still limited.
    METHODS: This was a post hoc analysis of a randomised, two-group parallel study.
    METHODS: A total of 113 adult patients recruited from the haemodialysis units were randomised into two groups on a 1:1 ratio. Both groups received in-centre group exercise training weekly for 6 weeks. The intervention group patients were provided with an additional individualised nurse-led home exercise prescription and behavioural support for 12 weeks. The patients\' perceptions of the barriers and benefits to exercise, adherence to the home exercise prescription and their exercise level at weeks 6 and 12 were evaluated.
    RESULTS: There was a significant between-group difference in the score on patient perceptions of the barriers and benefits to exercise, with the intervention group reporting a greater reduction in perceived barriers to exercise. Significant group differences were noted in exercise level upon the completion of the programme, with the intervention group reporting higher such levels. The average adherence rate to the negotiated exercise plans was 78.9%. The intervention group of patients did better at meeting or exceeding the minimum exercise goal than did the control group.
    CONCLUSIONS: Home exercise prescriptions and behavioural support provided by trained nurses are effective at helping patients to remove barriers to engaging in exercise training.
    CONCLUSIONS: Physical exercise in a clinical arena should not be considered the exclusive domain of physical therapists; the team could collaborate with nurses to play a core role in making physical exercise for patients an essential practice of care in a multidisciplinary team.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Although varying widely among different countries and geographic regions, the development of peritoneal dialysis invariably requires a well-established program. Key ingredients for the successful delivery of this therapy include adequate chronic kidney disease education, governmental or nongovernmental reimbursement, qualified physicians and nurses trained in the principles and practice of peritoneal dialysis, clinical management that incorporates an excellent and well-trained peritoneal dialysis team, a feasible and well-designed program for catheter insertion, a sound patient training and follow-up scheme, and continuous quality improvement. Some programs are enhanced by an active clinical research portfolio and other appropriate supportive systems. All of these factors are interlinked and inseparable from one another in ensuring a high-quality peritoneal dialysis program.
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