放线菌是许多具有不同化学和生物活性特性的生物活性次级代谢产物的重要来源。地衣生态系统由于其独特的特征而引起了研究界的兴趣。地衣是真菌和藻类或蓝细菌的共生体。这篇综述的重点是1995年至2022年之间从与地衣相关的可培养放线菌中鉴定出的新型分类群和多种生物活性次级代谢产物。在对地衣进行研究后,共报道了25种新型放线菌。还总结了来自地衣相关放线菌的114种化合物的化学结构和生物活性。这些次级代谢产物被分类为芳族酰胺和胺,二酮哌嗪,呋喃酮,吲哚,异黄酮,线性酯和大环内酯,肽,酚类衍生物,吡啶衍生物,吡咯衍生物,醌,和固醇。它们的生物活性包括抗炎,抗菌,抗癌,细胞毒性,和酶抑制作用。此外,总结了几种有效生物活性化合物的生物合成途径。因此,地衣放线菌在发现新候选药物方面表现出非凡的能力。
Actinomycetes are essential sources of numerous bioactive secondary metabolites with diverse chemical and bioactive properties.
Lichen ecosystems have piqued the interest of the research community due to their distinct characteristics.
Lichen is a symbiont of fungi and algae or cyanobacteria. This review focuses on the novel taxa and diverse bioactive secondary metabolites identified between 1995 and 2022 from cultivable actinomycetota associated with lichens. A total of 25 novel actinomycetota species were reported following studies of lichens. The chemical structures and biological activities of 114 compounds derived from the
lichen-associated actinomycetota are also summarized. These secondary metabolites were classified into aromatic amides and amines, diketopiperazines, furanones, indole, isoflavonoids, linear esters and macrolides, peptides, phenolic derivatives, pyridine derivatives, pyrrole derivatives, quinones, and sterols. Their biological activities included anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, cytotoxic, and enzyme-inhibitory actions. In addition, the biosynthetic pathways of several potent bioactive compounds are summarized. Thus,
lichen actinomycetes demonstrate exceptional abilities in the discovery of new drug candidates.