灭活的全病毒体疫苗,CoronaVac,是全球使用最广泛的2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗之一。缺乏表明免疫应答的持久性和CoronaVac诱导的免疫印迹对Omicron感染的影响的数据。在这项前瞻性队列研究中,招募了41名接受三剂CoronaVac的接受者和14名未接种疫苗的个体。我们全面分析了两组的适应性免疫参数,包括尖峰特异性免疫球蛋白(Ig)G和IgA滴度,中和活性,B细胞,循环滤泡辅助性T(cTfh)细胞,CD4+和CD8+T细胞,以及他们在第三次加强剂量后12个月以及OmicronBA.5感染后4周和20周的记忆亚群。第三次CoronaVac疫苗接种12个月后,在大多数接种疫苗的个体中可检测到刺突特异性抗体和细胞应答.BA.5感染的程度显着增加,交叉反应性,和血清中和活性的持久性,Fc介导的吞噬作用,鼻尖特异性IgA反应,记忆B细胞,激活的cTfh细胞,记忆CD4+T细胞,和祖先菌株和Omicron亚变体的记忆CD8+T细胞,与未接种疫苗的人相比。值得注意的是,突破性感染后BA.5特异性免疫力的增加始终与祖先菌株相当或更高,表明没有免疫印迹的证据。免疫景观分析表明,与未接种疫苗的个体相比,接种疫苗的个体在异源感染后具有更好的多种免疫成分同步。我们的数据提供了有关灭活COVID-19疫苗在塑造对Omicron感染的体液和细胞免疫中的保护作用的详细见解。
目的:缺乏数据表明免疫反应的持久性以及CoronaVac诱导的免疫印迹对Omicron突破感染的影响。在这项前瞻性队列研究中,分析了OmicronBA5感染前后的抗严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2适应性反应。我们的数据提供了有关灭活COVID-19疫苗在形成对异源Omicron感染的体液和细胞免疫反应中的保护作用的详细见解。
背景:本研究在ClinicalTrials.gov注册为NCT05680896。
The inactivated whole-virion vaccine, CoronaVac, is one of the most widely used coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines worldwide. There is a paucity of data indicating the durability of the immune response and the impact of immune imprinting induced by CoronaVac upon Omicron infection. In this prospective cohort study, 41 recipients of triple-dose CoronaVac and 14 unvaccinated individuals were recruited. We comprehensively profiled adaptive immune parameters in both groups, including spike-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G and
IgA titers, neutralizing activity, B cells, circulating follicular helper T (cTfh) cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and their memory subpopulations at 12 months after the third booster dose and at 4 and 20 weeks after Omicron BA.5 infection. Twelve months after the third CoronaVac vaccination, spike-specific antibodies and cellular responses were detectable in most vaccinated individuals. BA.5 infection significantly augmented the magnitude, cross-reactivity, and durability of serum neutralization activities, Fc-mediated phagocytosis, nasal spike-specific
IgA responses, memory B cells, activated cTfh cells, memory CD4+ T cells, and memory CD8+ T cells for both the ancestral strain and Omicron subvariants, compared to unvaccinated individuals. Notably, the increase in BA.5-specific immunity after breakthrough infection was consistently comparable to or higher than that of the ancestral strain, suggesting no evidence of immune imprinting. Immune landscape analyses showed that vaccinated individuals have better synchronization of multiple immune components than unvaccinated individuals upon heterologous infection. Our data provide detailed insight into the protective role of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in shaping humoral and cellular immunity to Omicron infection.
OBJECTIVE: There is a paucity of data indicating the durability of the immune response and the impact of immune imprinting induced by CoronaVac upon Omicron breakthrough infection. In this prospective cohort study, the anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 adaptive responses were analyzed before and after the Omicron BA.5 infection. Our data provide detailed insight into the protective role of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in shaping humoral and cellular immune responses to heterologous Omicron infection.
BACKGROUND: This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT05680896.