这项研究的目的是评估婴儿肠道中抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的患病率以及影响其分布的因素。收集了9个足月的母乳和婴儿粪便样本,健康的母婴对。使用宏基因组下一代测序分析样品中存在的细菌分布和各种类型的ARG。在出生后2到240d的时间内,在婴儿粪便和母乳中总共鉴定出273种ARGs,呈现出患病率随时间增加的趋势。在婴儿的肠道中发现高浓度的代表性ARG群体,特别是在出生后12-15d。这些群体包括APH3-Ib,tetW/N/W,mpha,和流感嗜血杆菌PBP3,以及对临床上常用的氨基糖苷类耐药的多种ARG大肠杆菌soxS,四环素,大环内酯,和β-内酰胺抗生素。γ变形杆菌和芽孢杆菌,尤其是肠球菌,葡萄球菌,不动杆菌,链球菌,和埃希氏菌是确定的ARG携带者之一。产妇年龄和体重指数(现在和怀孕前),婴儿性,孕妇在怀孕期间食用益生菌酸奶,泌乳可能是影响婴儿粪便中ARG携带细菌和ARG分布的重要因素。这些结果表明,环境因素可能会影响婴儿早期ARG携带细菌和ARG本身的分布。提供有关产妇年龄的适当建议,怀孕期间的体重指数,益生菌产品的使用可能会减轻抗生素抗性微生物群和ARGs的传播,从而降低抗生素耐药性感染的风险并保护儿童的健康。
The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) in the
intestines of infants and the factors affecting their distribution. Breast milk and infant stool samples were collected from nine full-term, healthy mother-infant pairs. The bacterial distribution and various types of ARGs present in the samples were analyzed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Over a period spanning from 2 to 240 d after birth, a total of 273 types of ARGs were identified in both infant feces and breast milk, exhibiting a trend of increasing prevalence over time. High concentrations of representative ARG populations were identified in the
intestines of infants, especially at 12-15 d after birth. These populations included APH3-Ib, tetW/N/W, mphA, and Haemophilus influenzae PBP3, and multiple ARG Escherichia coli soxS that were resistant to common clinically used aminoglycoside, tetracycline, macrolide, and beta-lactam antibiotics. Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli, especially Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, Streptococcus, and Escherichia were among the identified ARG carriers. Maternal age and body mass index (present and before pregnancy), infant sex, maternal consumption of probiotic yogurt during pregnancy, and lactation might be substantial factors influencing the occurrence of ARG-carrying bacteria and ARG distribution in the infant feces. These results indicate that environmental factors may influence the distribution of ARG-carrying bacteria and ARGs themselves in infants during early life. Providing appropriate recommendations regarding maternal age, body mass index during pregnancy, and use of probiotic products could potentially mitigate the transmission of antibiotic-resistant microbiota and ARGs, thereby diminishing the risk of antibiotic-resistant infections and safeguarding children\'s health.