■本研究旨在调查世界卫生组织基于全球疾病负担研究(GBD)数据库定义的被忽视的热带病的寄生虫病。重要的是,我们分析了1990年至2019年中国这些疾病的患病率和负担,为制定更有效的管理和预防措施提供有价值的信息。
■从全球卫生数据交换(GHDx)数据库中提取了1990年至2019年中国被忽视寄生虫病的患病率和负担数据,包括患病率的绝对数量,年龄标准化患病率,残疾调整寿命年(DALY)和年龄标准化DALY率。描述性分析用于分析患病率和负担变化,1990年至2019年各类寄生虫病的性别和年龄分布。采用时间序列模型[自回归综合移动平均线(ARIMA)]预测2020-2030年中国被忽视寄生虫病的DALYs。
■2019年,中国被忽视寄生虫病数量为152518062,年龄标准化患病率为11614.1(95%不确定度区间(UI)8758.5-15244.5),DALY为955722,年龄标准化DALY率为54.9(95%UI26.0-101.8).其中,土壤来源的蠕虫病的年龄标准化患病率最高(9370.2/100,000),其次是食源性吸虫病(1502.3/100,000)和血吸虫病(707.1/100,000)。最高的年龄标准化DALY率是食源性吸虫酶(36.0/100,000),其次是囊虫病(7.9/100,000)和土壤来源的蠕虫病(5.6/100,000)。男性和高年龄组的患病率和疾病负担较高。从1990年到2019年,中国被忽视的寄生虫病数量减少了30.4%,导致DALYs下降27.3%。大多数疾病的年龄标准化DALY率下降,特别是土壤来源的蠕虫病,血吸虫病和食源性吸虫酶。ARIMA预测模型显示,包虫病和囊虫病的疾病负担呈增加趋势,强调需要进一步预防和控制。
■虽然我国被忽视寄生虫病的患病率和疾病负担有所下降,许多问题仍有待解决。应作出更多努力,以改善针对不同寄生虫病的预防和控制策略。政府应优先考虑多部门综合控制和监测措施,优先预防和控制疾病负担较高的疾病。此外,老年人口和男性需要更多关注。
This study sought to investigate the parasitic diseases of neglected tropical diseases defined by the World Health Organization based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database. Importantly, we analyzed the prevalence and burden of these diseases in
China from 1990 to 2019 to provide valuable information to formulate more effective measures for their management and prevention.
Data on the prevalence and burden of neglected parasitic diseases in
China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the global health data exchange (GHDx) database, including the absolute number of prevalence, age-standardized prevalence rate, disability-adjusted life year (DALY) and age-standardized DALY rate. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the prevalence and burden changes, sex and age distribution of various parasitic diseases from 1990 to 2019. A time series model [Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA)] was used to predict the DALYs of neglected parasitic diseases in China from 2020 to 2030.
In 2019, the number of neglected parasitic diseases in China was 152518062, the age-standardized prevalence was 11614.1 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 8758.5-15244.5), the DALYs were 955722, and the age-standardized DALY rate was 54.9 (95% UI 26.0-101.8). Among these, the age-standardized prevalence of soil-derived
helminthiasis was the highest (9370.2/100,000), followed by food-borne trematodiases (1502.3/100,000) and schistosomiasis (707.1/100,000). The highest age-standardized DALY rate was for food-borne trematodiases (36.0/100,000), followed by cysticercosis (7.9/100,000) and soil-derived
helminthiasis (5.6/100,000). Higher prevalence and disease burden were observed in men and the upper age group. From 1990 to 2019, the number of neglected parasitic diseases in China decreased by 30.4%, resulting in a decline in DALYs of 27.3%. The age-standardized DALY rates of most diseases were decreased, especially for soil-derived
helminthiasis, schistosomiasis and food-borne trematodiases. The ARIMA prediction model showed that the disease burden of echinococcosis and cysticercosis exhibited an increasing trend, highlighting the need for further prevention and control.
Although the prevalence and disease burden of neglected parasitic diseases in China have decreased, many issues remain to be addressed. More efforts should be undertaken to improve the prevention and control strategies for different parasitic diseases. The government should prioritize multisectoral integrated control and surveillance measures to prioritize the prevention and control of diseases with a high burden of disease. In addition, the older adult population and men need to pay more attention.