蚂蚁(膜翅目:Formicidae)是最大和最广泛的陆生昆虫家族之一,对医学和生态研究很有价值。线粒体基因组已被广泛用作物种鉴定和系统发育分析的可靠遗传标记。为了进一步了解同属蚁科物种的有丝分裂基因组水平特征,对Formicasinae(膜翅目:Formicidae)的完整有丝分裂基因组进行了测序,注释,并与其他48种Formicidae进行了比较。结果表明,基因组成,内容,密码子使用是保守的。家蚕的完整线粒体基因组为17,432bp,包括13个蛋白质编码基因(PCGs),22个转移RNA基因(tRNA),两个核糖体RNA基因(rRNA),和一个控制区位于rrnS和trnM之间,长1256个基点,所有测序物种中最长的。在Formica物种(膜翅目:Formicidae)中未检测到基因重排。所有F.sinae的PCG均以ATN密码子起始,并以TAA密码子终止。F.sinae的总体核苷酸组成是AT-偏向的(83.51%),在PCG中占80.58%,tRNA中的86.68%,rRNA中的87.10%,控制区为88.70%。系统发育分析表明,每个亚家族都形成了一个强单系群。此外,F.sinae聚集有Formicafusca(膜翅目:Formicidae)和Formicaselysi(膜翅目:Formicidae)。这项工作增强了Formicidae的遗传数据,并有助于我们了解它们的系统发育关系,进化,和利用。
Ants (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae) are among the largest and most widespread families of terrestrial insects and are valuable to medical and ecological investigations. The mitochondrial genome has been widely used as a reliable genetic marker for species identification and phylogenetic analyses. To further understand the mitogenome-level characteristics of the congeneric
Formicidae species, the complete mitogenome of Formica sinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) was sequenced, annotated, and compared with other 48
Formicidae species. The results showed that gene composition, content, and codon usage were conserved. The complete mitochondrial genome of F. sinae was 17,432 bp, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and one control region located between rrnS and trnM, which was 1,256 bp long, the longest of all sequenced species. Gene rearrangement was not detected in Formica species (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae). All PCGs of F. sinae were initiated with ATN codons and terminated with the TAA codon. The overall nucleotide composition of F. sinae was AT-biased (83.51%), being 80.58% in PCGs, 86.68% in tRNAs, 87.10% in rRNAs, and 88.70% in the control region. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that each subfamily formed a strongly monophyletic group. Furthermore, F. sinae clustered with Formica fusca (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Formica selysi (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae). This work enhances the genetic data of Formicidae and contributes to our understanding of their phylogenic relationship, evolution, and utilization.