背景:乳腺浸润性导管癌(BIDC)是最大的异型肿瘤组,深入了解BIDC的发病机制是改善其预后的关键。
目的:分析叉头盒M1(FOXM1)的表达谱和临床意义,环氧合酶-2(COX-2),和BIDC中的葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)。
方法:选取2019年8月至2021年5月间到我院就诊的65例BIDC患者和70例健康对照进行分析。测量两组的外周血FOXM1,COX-2和GRP78水平,并检查其在BIDC中的表达谱之间的关联。此外,我们研究了FOXM1,COX-2和GRP78在BIDC患者中的诊断价值及其与临床病理特征的相关性.此外,BIDC患者随访1年,以确定影响患者预后的因素。
结果:BIDC患者的FOXM1,COX-2和GRP78水平明显高于健康对照组(P<0.05),两者呈正相关(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征分析显示FOXM1、COX-2和GRP78对预测BIDC的发生具有良好的诊断价值(P<0.05)。随后,我们发现,在不同组织学分级和转移状态的患者中,FOXM1,COX-2和GRP78水平存在显着差异(P<0.05)。Cox分析显示FOXM1,COX-2,GRP78,组织学分级增加,肿瘤转移是BIDC预后死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.001)。
结论:FOXM1,COX-2和GRP78在BIDC中异常高表达,促进恶性肿瘤的发展并与预后密切相关。这些发现对BIDC的未来诊断和治疗具有重要的研究意义。
BACKGROUND: Breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma (BIDC) represents the largest heterotypic tumor group, and an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of BIDC is key to improving its prognosis.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the expression profiles and clinical implications of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in BIDC.
METHODS: A total of 65 BIDC patients and 70 healthy controls who presented to our hospital between August 2019 and May 2021 were selected for analysis. The peripheral blood FOXM1, COX-2, and GRP78 levels in both groups were measured and the association between their expression profiles in BIDC was examined. Additionally, we investigated the diagnostic value of FOXM1, COX-2, and GRP78 in patients with BIDC and their correlations with clinicopathological features. Furthermore, BIDC patients were followed for 1 year to identify factors influencing patient prognosis.
RESULTS: The levels of FOXM1, COX-2, and GRP78 were significantly higher in BIDC patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05), and a positive correlation was observed among them (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that FOXM1, COX-2, and GRP78 had excellent diagnostic value in predicting the occurrence of BIDC (P < 0.05). Subsequently, we found significant differences in FOXM1, COX-2, and GRP78 levels among patients with different histological grades and metastasis statuses (with vs without) (P < 0.05). Cox analysis revealed that FOXM1, COX-2, GRP78, increased histological grade, and the presence of tumor metastasis were independent risk factors for prognostic death in BIDC (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: FOXM1, COX-2, and GRP78 exhibit abnormally high expression in BIDC, promoting malignant tumor development and closely correlating with prognosis. These findings hold significant research implications for the future diagnosis and treatment of BIDC.