最近发现的具有热二态酵母样阶段的新型系统性真菌病原体对当前的Ajellycetaceae分类学提出了挑战,一个目前由胚芽属组成的家族,Emmonsia,Emmonsiellopsis,Helicocarpus,组织胞浆,Lacazia和Paracocidioides。我们的形态学,系统发育和系统发育分析证明了物种关系及其特定表型,阐明了通用边界,并提供了第一个带注释的基因组装配,以支持对两个新物种的描述。一个新的属,翡翠,将Emmonsiapasteuriana作为类型物种,和新物种非洲绿芽,南非一系列播散性感染的病因。这两个物种都产生小酵母细胞,这些细胞在37°C时在狭窄的基部出芽,并且缺乏毛孢子,典型地与Emmonsia属有关。另一种新的双态病原体,在37°C下产生广泛的出芽细胞,并在北美以外发生,被证明属于胚芽菌属,并被描述为percursus胚芽。
Recent discoveries of novel systemic fungal pathogens with thermally dimorphic yeast-like phases have challenged the current taxonomy of the Ajellomycetaceae, a family currently comprising the genera Blastomyces, Emmonsia, Emmonsiellopsis, Helicocarpus, Histoplasma, Lacazia and Paracoccidioides. Our morphological, phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses demonstrated species relationships and their specific phenotypes, clarified generic boundaries and provided the first annotated genome assemblies to support the description of two new species. A new genus, Emergomyces, accommodates Emmonsia pasteuriana as type species, and the new species Emergomyces africanus, the aetiological agent of case series of disseminated infections in South Africa. Both species produce small yeast cells that bud at a narrow base at 37°C and lack adiaspores, classically associated with the genus Emmonsia. Another novel dimorphic pathogen, producing broad-based budding cells at 37°C and occurring outside North America, proved to belong to the genus Blastomyces, and is described as Blastomyces percursus.