尽管有大量的研究和临床证据表明音乐干预对自闭症患者的有效性,在这个社区对音乐处理的理解是有限的。我们探讨了自闭症社区内音乐处理差异的研究证据是否可用。我们进行了范围审查,以搜索带有“音乐”一词的文献,“处理,\"和\"自闭症\"(和变体)。我们搜索了PubMed,CINAHL,Scopus,WebofScience,PsycInfo,学术搜索完成,ERIC,和音乐索引数据库共10,857篇文章,有5,236个重复。其余5,621个标题和摘要由四名本科生和研究生以及PI组成的团队进行了资格筛选。纳入75项研究进行数据提取。对数据进行了描述性统计分析,study,刺激,和参与者信息,以及对结果和发现的主题分析。鉴于文献的新兴性质,我们的发现是初步的,主要使用非音乐听觉刺激,被动聆听体验,和低估的人口统计。然而,文献显示了自闭症患者在音乐处理方面存在差异的一些证据,包括减少对非音乐和音乐刺激的习惯;截断,延迟,或不同的发育轨迹;以及可能的补偿性高阶机制,即使在存在不同的神经相关因素的情况下也能产生相似的行为反应。鼓励音乐治疗师采取发展的观点,不仅是一般技能,但特别是这个社区的音乐技能发展,为了谨慎地推断这些发现,鉴于目前证据的局限性。
Despite abundant research and clinical evidence of the effectiveness of music interventions for people in the autism spectrum, understanding of music processing in this community is limited. We explored whether research evidence of differences in music processing within the autistic community is available. We developed a scoping review to search for literature with the terms \"music\", \"processing,\" and \"autism\" (and variants). We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Academic Search Complete, ERIC, and Music Index databases for a total of 10,857 articles, with 5,236 duplicates. The remaining 5,621 titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility by a team of four undergraduate and graduate students and the PI. Seventy-five studies were included for data extraction. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics regarding author, study, stimulus, and participant information, and a thematic analysis of outcome and findings. Our findings are preliminary given the emerging nature of the literature, the use of mostly non-musical auditory stimuli, passive listening experiences, and underreported demographics. However, the literature shows some evidence of differences in music processing for autistic individuals, including reduced habituation to non-musical and musical stimuli; truncated, delayed, or divergent developmental trajectories; and possible compensatory higher-order mechanisms that yield similar behavioral responses even in the presence of divergent neural correlates. Music therapists are encouraged to adopt a developmental perspective, not only of general skills, but specifically of music skill development in this community, and to extrapolate these findings with caution, given the current limitations in the evidence.