背景:细胞凋亡(直接和间接)参与几个生理过程,包括发育过程中的组织重塑,免疫细胞的周转,以及对有害刺激的防御。无序的凋亡过程参与了各种疾病的发病机制,如肿瘤,和慢性炎症或全身性自身免疫性疾病,这与它的监管不足有关。半胱天冬酶是参与发育和免疫过程的凋亡途径的重要组分。然而,尚未在Mytiluscoruscus中进行半胱天冬酶的全基因组鉴定和功能分析,这是一种经济上重要的双壳类动物。
结果:这里,从M.coruscus的基因组中鉴定出47个caspase基因,观察到caspase-2/9和caspase-3/6/7基因的扩增。串联复制是基因扩增的重要驱动因素。扩展的caspase基因在序列方面高度多样化,域结构,和时空表达谱,表明它们的功能分化。扩大的半胱天冬酶基因在幼体幼虫阶段的高表达以及细胞凋亡在绒毛中的位置表明,由它们介导的细胞凋亡在M的变态中起着至关重要的作用。在吉尔,caspase基因对不同菌株的挑战有不同的反应,大多数caspase-2/9和caspase-3/6/7基因是由铜胁迫诱导的,而caspase-8/10基因被抑制。此外,在海洋酸化作用下,大多数caspase基因在地幔中上调,这可能削弱地幔组织的生物矿化能力。
结论:这些结果提供了caspase家族的进化和功能的全面概述,并增强了对caspase在M.ceruscus幼虫发育和对生物和非生物挑战的反应中的生物学功能的理解。
BACKGROUND: Apoptosis is involved (directly and indirectly) in several physiological processes including tissue remodeling during the development, the turnover of immune cells, and a defense against harmful stimuli. The disordered apoptotic process participates in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as neoplasms, and chronic inflammatory or systemic autoimmune diseases, which are associated with its inadequate regulation. Caspases are vital components of the apoptotic pathway that are involved in developmental and immune processes. However, genome-wide identification and functional analysis of
caspase have not been conducted in Mytilus coruscus, which is an economically important bivalve.
RESULTS: Here, 47 caspase genes were identified from the genomes of M. coruscus, and the expansion of
caspase-2/9 and
caspase-3/6/7 genes were observed. Tandem duplication acts as an essential driver of gene expansion. The expanded caspase genes were highly diverse in terms of sequence, domain structure, and spatiotemporal expression profiles, suggesting their functional differentiation. The high expression of the expanded caspase genes at the pediveliger larvae stage and the result of apoptosis location in the velum suggest that the apoptosis mediated by them plays a critical role in the metamorphosis of M. coruscus larvae. In gill,
caspase genes respond differently to the challenge of different strains, and most
caspase-2/9 and
caspase-3/6/7 genes were induced by copper stress, whereas
caspase-8/10 genes were suppressed. Additionally, most
caspase genes were upregulated in the mantle under ocean acidification which could weaken the biomineralization capacity of the mantle tissue.
CONCLUSIONS: These results provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution and function of the caspase family and enhanced the understanding of the biological function of caspases in M. coruscus larval development and response to biotic and abiotic challenges.