耐碳青霉烯类大肠杆菌(CREC)已成为全球范围内的主要公共卫生问题。迄今为止,对CREC的全球分布了解有限。在这项研究中,我们对2005年至2023年间从全球不同国家收集的7,731个人类来源的CRECs进行了全面的基因组分析.我们的结果表明,这些CREC分布在75个国家,主要来自美国(17.49%),中国(14.88%),和英国(14.73%)。在分析的CRECs中鉴定出8种碳青霉烯酶,包括KPC,IMP,NDM,VIM,OXA,FRI,GES,IMI。NDM是最主要的碳青霉烯酶(52.15%),其次是OXA(30.09%)和KPC(14.72%)。值得注意的是,所有CREC都携带多个抗生素抗性基因(ARGs),178株携带mcr-1,9株携带tet(X)。CREC分离株分为465种已知序列类型(STs),ST167是最常见的(11.5%)。相关分析表明,可移动遗传元件在促进碳青霉烯抗性基因转移中的重要作用。此外,来自不同国家的一些CREC表现出高度的遗传相似性,提示存在克隆传播。根据GWAS的结果,与英国和美国相比,中国blaNDM阳性CRECs的遗传差异主要集中在细菌IV型分泌系统途径上。因此,未来对CREC进行持续的全球监测势在必行。
Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) has become a major public health problem worldwide. To date, there is a limited understanding of the global distribution of CREC. In this study, we performed a comprehensive genomic analysis of 7, 731 CRECs of human origin collected from different countries worldwide between 2005 and 2023. Our results showed that these CRECs were distributed in 75 countries, mainly from the United States (17.49%),
China (14.88%), and the United Kingdom (14.73%). Eight
carbapenemases were identified among the CRECs analyzed, including KPC, IMP, NDM, VIM, OXA, FRI, GES, and IMI. NDM was the most predominant carbapenemase (52.15%), followed by OXA (30.09%) and KPC (14.72%). Notably, all CRECs carried multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), with 178 isolates carrying mcr-1 and 9 isolates carrying tet(X). The CREC isolates were classified into 465 known sequence types (STs), with ST167 being the most common (11.5%). Correlation analysis demonstrated the significant role of mobile genetic elements in facilitating the transfer of carbapenem resistance genes. Furthermore, some CRECs from different countries showed high genetic similarity, suggesting clonal transmission exists. According to the GWAS results, the genetic difference of blaNDM-positive CRECs from
China were mainly enriched in bacterial Type IV secretion system pathways compared with those from the United Kingdom and the United States. Therefore, continuous global surveillance of CRECs is imperative in the future.