背景:心理出生创伤在全球范围内发病率很高,对母亲产生了广泛的负面影响,婴儿,夫妻,家庭和整个社会通过以母亲为中心的连锁反应。然而,目前国内对心理创伤的研究有限。社会支持和妊娠应激是心理出生创伤的重要影响因素。因此,本研究旨在探讨中国阴道分娩妇女妊娠压力和心理产伤的预测因素。
方法:这项横断面研究于2021年12月至2022年5月在杭州的一家医疗中心进行,中国。参与者是使用便利抽样技术选择的。共纳入351名阴道分娩后一周内的产后妇女。问卷用于收集社会人口统计学和产科特征以及妊娠压力评定量表(PSRS)的评分,城市出生创伤量表(城市BiTS),社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和家庭适应伙伴关系成长影响和决心指数(家庭APGAR)。进行单因素分析和多元线性回归分析,以评估妊娠压力和心理分娩创伤的预测因素。
结果:PSRS和CityBiTS得分的中位数(IQR)分别为10.00(14.00)和3.00(9.00),分别。产后创伤后应激障碍发生率为4.0%(14/351)。奇偶校验,社会支持,家庭支持和教育水平是妊娠压力的预测因素.分娩并发症,心理创伤事件,妊娠压力和家庭支持是心理产伤的预测因素(P<0.05)。
结论:妊娠压力与社会支持有关,家庭支持和一些社会人口统计学和产科特征。心理分娩创伤与分娩并发症有关,心理创伤事件,怀孕压力和家庭支持。因此,加强社会支持,尤其是家庭支持,对于孕妇来说作为减轻妊娠压力的手段可以有效预防心理上的分娩创伤。
BACKGROUND: Psychological birth trauma exhibits a high incidence worldwide, resulting in a wide range of negative impacts on mothers, infants, couples, families and society at large through the maternal-centered ripple effect. However, there is currently limited research on psychological birth trauma in
China. Social support and pregnancy stress are important influencing factors of psychological birth trauma. Consequently, this study aimed to explore predictors of pregnancy stress and psychological birth trauma in women undergoing vaginal delivery in
China.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed at a single medical center between December 2021 and May 2022 in Hangzhou,
China. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling technique. A total of 351 postpartum women within one week after vaginal delivery were included. Questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics and scores on the Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale (PSRS), City Birth Trauma Scale (City BiTS), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and Family Adaptation Partnership Growth Affection and Resolve index (Family APGAR). Both univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to assess predictors of pregnancy stress and psychological birth trauma.
RESULTS: The median (IQR) of PSRS and City BiTS scores were 10.00 (14.00) and 3.00 (9.00), respectively. The incidence of postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder was 4.0% (14/351). Parity, social support, family support and level of education were predictors of pregnancy stress. Delivery complications, psychological traumatic event, pregnancy stress and family support were predictors of psychological birth trauma (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy stress is related to social support, family support and some sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics. Psychological birth trauma is correlated with delivery complications, psychological traumatic event, pregnancy stress and family support. Consequently, enhancing social support, especially family support, for pregnant women as a means of reducing pregnancy stress can effectively prevent psychological birth trauma.