目的:γδT细胞是非常规T细胞的独特亚群,通过分泌细胞因子并与其他免疫细胞相互作用,将先天免疫和适应性免疫联系起来,从而调节免疫反应。作为东道主的第一道防线,γδT细胞对于粘膜稳态和免疫监视至关重要。当异常激活或受损时,γδT细胞可有助于致病过程。越来越多的证据表明γδT细胞对癌症的发病机制有重大影响。感染,和免疫炎性疾病。γδT细胞在癌症中表现出双重作用,促进或抑制肿瘤生长,取决于它们的表型和癌症的临床阶段。在感染期间,γδT细胞在感染性疾病中发挥高细胞毒活性,这对于通过识别外来抗原和激活其他免疫细胞来对抗细菌和病毒感染至关重要。γδT细胞也与免疫炎性疾病的发作和进展有关。然而,尚未系统地讨论γδT细胞在口腔疾病中的具体参与和潜在机制。
方法:我们使用PubMed/MEDLINE数据库进行了系统的文献综述,以鉴定和分析有关γδT细胞在口腔疾病中的作用的相关文献。
结果:文献综述显示γδT细胞在维持口腔粘膜稳态中起关键作用,并参与口腔癌的发病机制。牙周病,移植物抗宿主病(GVHD),口腔扁平苔藓(OLP),和口腔念珠菌病。γδT细胞主要影响各种病理生理过程,如抗肿瘤活性,根除感染,和免疫反应调节。
结论:本综述主要关注γδT细胞在口腔疾病中的作用。特别强调γδT细胞影响这些疾病的发病机理和进展的主要功能和潜在机制。这篇综述强调了γδT细胞作为管理口腔健康问题的治疗靶标的潜力。
OBJECTIVE: γδ T cells are a distinct subset of unconventional T cells, which link innate and adaptive immunity by secreting cytokines and interacting with other immune cells, thereby modulating immune responses. As the first line of host defense, γδ T cells are essential for mucosal homeostasis and immune surveillance. When abnormally activated or impaired, γδ T cells can contribute to pathogenic processes. Accumulating evidence has revealed substantial impacts of γδ T cells on the pathogenesis of cancers, infections, and immune-inflammatory diseases. γδ T cells exhibit dual roles in cancers, promoting or inhibiting tumor growth, depending on their phenotypes and the clinical stage of cancers. During infections, γδ T cells exert high cytotoxic activity in infectious diseases, which is essential for combating bacterial and viral infections by recognizing foreign antigens and activating other immune cells. γδ T cells are also implicated in the onset and progression of immune-inflammatory diseases. However, the specific involvement and underlying mechanisms of γδ T cells in oral diseases have not been systematically discussed.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review using the PubMed/MEDLINE databases to identify and analyze relevant literature on the roles of γδ T cells in oral diseases.
RESULTS: The literature review revealed that γδ T cells play a pivotal role in maintaining oral mucosal homeostasis and are involved in the pathogenesis of oral cancers, periodontal diseases, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), oral lichen planus (OLP), and oral candidiasis. γδ T cells mainly influence various pathophysiological processes, such as anti-tumor activity, eradication of infection, and immune response regulation.
CONCLUSIONS: This review focuses on the involvement of γδ T cells in oral diseases, with a particular emphasis on the main functions and underlying mechanisms by which γδ T cells influence the pathogenesis and progression of these conditions. This review underscores the potential of γδ T cells as therapeutic targets in managing oral health issues.