医学界面临着从业者心理健康的严峻挑战,导致医护人员(HCW)自杀率惊人上升。完美主义文化等因素,过多的工作负载,对寻求帮助的污名化加剧了这个问题。这篇综述综合了有关HCW自杀的现有文献,探索患病率,原因,和潜在的预防策略。
■这项研究对PubMed/Medline的文献进行了搜索,Scopus,WebofScience,科克伦图书馆,PsycINFO,和谷歌学者,直到2024年4月2日。使用的非详尽搜索术语是“医生自杀,“医生自杀,\"\"医学专业自杀,医疗保健中的自杀,\"\"医护人员自杀预防,“和”医护人员自杀的原因。“还进行了手工搜索。在最初确定的487项研究中,共纳入10项系统综述/荟萃分析.
■这篇综述整理了2004年至2023年之间进行的400项主要临床研究的结果。关注导致HCW自杀的心理健康因素,在民众中,压力流行率存在区域和特定的差异。Further,与其他HCW相比,麻醉科医师和精神科医师表现出更高的职业倦怠率;在评估这些人群的自杀行为时,诸如寻求完美和挑战工作与生活平衡等致病因素是关键.发现工作需求水平与自杀念头直接相关,特别是在精神病病房HCW中,那里容易获得药物和锋利的工具。在特定情况下,女性HCWs显示标准化死亡率(SMR),表明与一般女性人群相比,他们的自杀率更高。认知行为疗法(CBT)和正念等干预措施可有效降低抑郁症,心理困扰,和焦虑在几项纳入的研究中。这项总括审查还确定了寻求帮助的主要障碍,包括耻辱和对职业后果的恐惧。
■为了降低医护人员的自杀率,实施以证据为基础的干预措施和创造支持性的工作环境,鼓励相互关心彼此的情绪健康,是必要的。需要进一步研究以确定各种措施在预防HCW自杀方面的有效性。
UNASSIGNED: The medical profession faces a critical challenge with the mental health of its practitioners, leading to an alarming increase in suicide rates among healthcare workers (HCW). Factors such as the culture of perfectionism, excessive workloads, and stigma against seeking help exacerbate this issue. This umbrella review synthesizes the existing literature on HCW suicide, exploring the prevalence, causes, and potential preventive strategies.
UNASSIGNED: This study conducted a search of the literature from PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar until April 2, 2024. The non-exhaustive search terms used were \"doctor suicide,\" \"physician suicide,\" \"medical professional suicide,\" \"suicide in healthcare,\" \"healthcare worker suicide prevention,\" and \"causes of healthcare worker suicide.\" Hand-searches were also conducted. Of the 487 studies initially identified, a total of 10 systematic reviews/meta-analyses were included.
UNASSIGNED: This umbrella review collates findings from 400 primary clinical studies conducted between the years 2004 and 2023. With a focus on mental health factors contributing to suicide in HCW, there are regional and specialty-specific variations in stress prevalence in the populace. Further, anesthesiologists and psychiatrics depicted higher rates of burnout compared to other HCW; causative factors such as seeking perfection and challenging work-life balance were key when assessing suicidal behaviors in these groups. Job demand level was found to correlate directly with suicidal thoughts, specifically among psychiatric ward HCW, where access to drugs and sharp instruments is readily available. In specific contexts, female HCWs showed a standardized mortality ratio (SMR), indicating that the rate of suicide was higher among them as compared to the general female population. Interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness were effective in decreasing depression, psychological distress, and anxiety in several included studies. This umbrella review also identified major obstacles to seeking help, including stigma and the fear of professional consequences.
UNASSIGNED: To reduce suicide rates among HCWs, it is the need of the hour to implement evidence-based interventions and create supportive work environments that encourage mutual care for each other\'s emotional health. Further research is necessary to determine the effectiveness of various measures in preventing suicide among HCW.