背景:需氧性阴道炎是育龄女性阴道分泌物的常见原因,增加不良妊娠结局的风险,如早产,流产,胎膜早破和死胎。然而,需氧性阴道炎导致阴性妊娠结局的病因和发病机制尚不清楚,妊娠期需氧性阴道炎尚无统一规范的治疗方法。
方法:我们从1973年1月至2021年6月利用PubMed和WebofScience对已发表的关于需氧性阴道炎及其与不良妊娠结局的关系的研究进行了文献检索。妊娠期需氧性阴道炎的常见致病菌,如B组链球菌,大肠杆菌,金黄色葡萄球菌,粪肠球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,以及相关的不良妊娠结局和现有的治疗方法进行了回顾。
结果:共确定了4534篇文章,97项符合纳入标准的研究接受了仔细审查.需氧性阴道炎的致病菌可产生不同的毒素或影响患者的局部免疫进而导致感染的发生。新鲜湿装显微镜是需氧性阴道炎的首选诊断方法。克林霉素是用于孕妇需氧性阴道炎的常见抗生素。结合益生菌的产品的使用取得了优异的治疗成功。
结论:该领域的未来研究可以提供有关需氧性阴道炎引起人类不良妊娠结局的机制以及预防其发生的方法的见解。
需氧性阴道炎是一种阴道感染,会增加不良妊娠结局的风险。需氧性阴道炎导致阴性妊娠结局的病因和发病机制尚不清楚。本文就妊娠期需氧性阴道炎的常见致病菌,以及相关的不良妊娠结局。我们还回顾了现有的治疗方法。目前,据认为,需氧性阴道炎中的微生物区系由肠道来源的共生需氧微生物组成,最常见的细菌是B组链球菌,大肠杆菌,金黄色葡萄球菌,粪肠球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。需氧性阴道炎的致病菌可产生不同的毒素或影响患者的局部免疫进而导致感染的发生。新鲜湿装显微镜是需氧性阴道炎的首选诊断方法。克林霉素是用于孕妇需氧性阴道炎的常见抗生素。结合益生菌的产品的使用取得了优异的治疗成功。本研究为今后的孕期研究和早期诊治提供参考。该领域的未来研究可以提供有关有氧阴道炎引起人类不良妊娠结局的机制以及预防其发生的方法的见解。
BACKGROUND: Aerobic vaginitis is a common cause of vaginal discharge in reproductive-age women, increasing the risk of negative pregnancy outcomes such as premature delivery, abortion, premature rupture of membranes and stillbirth. However, the aetiology and pathogenesis of aerobic vaginitis causing negative pregnancy outcomes are still unclear, and there is no unified and standardized treatment method for aerobic vaginitis in the pregnancy period.
METHODS: We conducted a literature search of published studies in the English language focusing on aerobic vaginitis and its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes utilizing PubMed and Web of Science from January 1973 through June 2021. The common pathogenic bacteria of aerobic vaginitis during pregnancy, such as group B Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as the related adverse pregnancy outcomes and existing treatments were reviewed.
RESULTS: A total of 4534 articles were identified, and 97 studies that had inclusion criteria were subjected to careful
review. The pathogenic bacteria of aerobic vaginitis can produce different toxins or affect the local immunity of patients and then lead to the occurrence of infection. Fresh wet mount microscopy is the preferred diagnostic method for aerobic
vaginitis. Clindamycin is a common antibiotic used for aerobic
vaginitis in pregnant women. The use of products combining probiotics has achieved excellent treatment success.
CONCLUSIONS: Future research in this field can provide insights regarding the mechanism of aerobic vaginitis-induced adverse pregnancy outcomes in humans and ways to prevent their occurrence.
Aerobic vaginitis is an infection of the vagina that increases the risk of negative pregnancy outcomes. The aetiology and pathogenesis of aerobic vaginitis causing negative pregnancy outcomes are still unclear. This paper reviews the common pathogenic bacteria of aerobic vaginitis during pregnancy, and the related adverse pregnancy outcomes. We also
review the existing treatment. Currently, it is believed that the microflora in aerobic vaginitis is composed of commensal aerobic microorganisms of intestinal origin, and the most frequently encountered bacteria are group B Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The pathogenic bacteria of aerobic vaginitis can produce different toxins or affect the local immunity of patients and then lead to the occurrence of infection. Fresh wet mount microscopy is the preferred diagnostic method for aerobic
vaginitis. Clindamycin is a common antibiotic used for aerobic
vaginitis in pregnant women. The use of products combining probiotics has achieved excellent treatment success. This study provides a reference for future research and early diagnosis and treatment during pregnancy. Future research in this field can provide insights regarding the mechanisms of aerobic vaginitis-induced adverse pregnancy outcomes in humans and ways to prevent their occurrence.