背景:研究表明,移动应用程序有可能作为痴呆症护理的非药物干预措施,改善痴呆症患者及其非正式护理人员的生活质量。然而,人们对痴呆症护理中这些移动应用程序的需求和隐私方面知之甚少。
目的:这篇综述旨在了解痴呆症患者及其护理人员在应用功能方面的现有移动应用在痴呆症护理中的前景,可用性测试,隐私,和安全。
方法:ACM数字图书馆,Cochrane中央控制试验登记册,Compendex,Embase,Inspec,OvidMEDLINE,PsycINFO,Scopus被搜查了.如果研究包括居住在社区的痴呆症患者,他们非正式的照顾者,或两者兼而有之;专注于使用智能手机或平板电脑的痴呆症护理应用;并涵盖了该应用的可用性评估。记录进行了独立筛选,和2个审阅者提取数据。使用循证医学中心关键评估工具和混合方法评估工具评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。使用了主题合成,并根据每个研究目标对研究结果进行了总结和列表。
结果:总体而言,44项研究包括在这篇综述中,在2015年之后发布了39篇(89%)。总的来说,研究中包括50个应用程序,与照顾者相比,为痴呆症患者作为最终用户开发了更多的应用程序。大多数研究(27/44,61%)使用平板电脑。最常见的应用程序功能是认知刺激。这篇评论提出了9个应用程序可用性主题:用户界面,物理考虑,屏幕尺寸,互动挑战,满足用户需求,缺乏对APP需求的自我意识,污名,技术缺乏经验,和技术支持。总的来说,5种方法(问卷调查,采访,观察,测井,和焦点小组)用于评估可用性。很少关注隐私和安全方面,包括数据传输和保护,为痴呆症患者提供的移动应用程序。
结论:本审查的局限性包括1名审查人员进行全文筛选,它限制以英文发表的研究,以及排除缺乏经验可用性测试的应用程序。因此,在痴呆症护理领域,可用的应用程序可能存在不完整的表示。然而,这篇综述强调了与可用性相关的重大问题,隐私,以及为痴呆症患者及其护理人员提供的现有移动应用程序的安全性。这项审查的结果提供了一个有价值的框架,以指导应用程序开发人员和研究人员在隐私政策开发领域,应用程序开发策略,以及为他们的应用程序进行彻底的可用性测试的重要性。考虑到这些因素,可以推进该领域的未来工作,以提高痴呆症护理应用程序的质量和有效性。
背景:PROSPEROCRD42020216141;https://www.crd.约克。AC.uk/prospro/display_record.php?RecordID=216141。
■RR2-10.1159/000514838。
Studies have shown that mobile apps have the potential to serve as nonpharmacological interventions for dementia care, improving the quality of life of people living with dementia and their informal caregivers. However, little is known about the needs for and privacy aspects of these mobile apps in dementia care.
This
review seeks to understand the landscape of existing mobile apps in dementia care for people living with dementia and their caregivers with respect to app features, usability testing, privacy, and security.
ACM Digital Library, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Compendex, Embase, Inspec, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched. Studies were included if they included people with dementia living in the community, their informal caregivers, or both; focused on apps in dementia care using smartphones or tablet computers; and covered usability evaluation of the app. Records were independently screened, and 2 reviewers extracted the data. The Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine critical appraisal tool and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool were used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Thematic synthesis was used, and the findings were summarized and tabulated based on each research aim.
Overall, 44 studies were included in this
review, with 39 (89%) published after 2015. In total, 50 apps were included in the study, with more apps developed for people living with dementia as end users compared with caregivers. Most studies (27/44, 61%) used tablet computers. The most common app feature was cognitive stimulation. This review presented 9 app usability themes: user interface, physical considerations, screen size, interaction challenges, meeting user needs, lack of self-awareness of app needs, stigma, technological inexperience, and technical support. In total, 5 methods (questionnaires, interviews, observations, logging, and focus groups) were used to evaluate usability. There was little focus on the privacy and security aspects, including data transfer and protection, of mobile apps for people living with dementia.
The limitations of this
review include 1 reviewer conducting the full-text screening, its restriction to studies published in English, and the exclusion of apps that lacked empirical usability testing. As a result, there may be an incomplete representation of the available apps in the field of dementia care. However, this
review highlights significant concerns related to the usability, privacy, and security of existing mobile apps for people living with dementia and their caregivers. The findings of this
review provide a valuable framework to guide app developers and researchers in the areas of privacy policy development, app development strategies, and the importance of conducting thorough usability testing for their apps. By considering these factors, future work in this field can be advanced to enhance the quality and effectiveness of dementia care apps.
PROSPERO CRD42020216141; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=216141.
RR2-10.1159/000514838.