■中央节点和网桥节点可以在各自的网络中推动重大的整体改进。我们旨在在2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行期间的16种流行慢性疾病中识别它们,以指导有效的干预策略和适当的资源分配,以实现最重要的整体生活方式和健康改善。
■我们从2020年7月至2021年8月在30个地区调查了16512名成年人。参与者自我报告了他们的病史以及COVID-19对18种生活方式因素和13种健康结果的感知影响。对于每个疾病亚组,我们创造了生活方式,健康结果,和桥梁网络。每个变量中中心性指数最高的变量被确定为中心或桥梁。我们使用非参数和案例丢弃子集自举验证了这些网络,并通过中心性差异测试确认了中心变量和桥变量\'显着更高的指数。
■在48个网络中,44进行了验证(所有相关-稳定性系数>0.25)。确定了六个主要的生活方式因素:少吃零食(慢性疾病:焦虑),含糖饮料少(癌症,胃溃疡,高血压,失眠,和糖尿病前期),减少吸烟(慢性阻塞性肺疾病),运动频率(抑郁症和脂肪肝疾病),运动持续时间(肠易激综合征),和总运动量(自身免疫性疾病,糖尿病,湿疹,心脏病发作,和高胆固醇)。出现了两个主要的健康结果:情绪困扰减少(慢性阻塞性肺疾病,湿疹,脂肪肝,胃溃疡,心脏病发作,高胆固醇,高血压,失眠,和糖尿病前期)和生活质量(焦虑,自身免疫性疾病,癌症,抑郁症,糖尿病,和肠易激综合征)。确定了四种桥梁生活方式:水果和蔬菜的消费(糖尿病,高胆固醇,高血压,和失眠),久坐时间较短(湿疹,脂肪肝,和心脏病发作),运动频率(自身免疫性疾病,抑郁症,和心脏病发作),和总运动量(焦虑,胃溃疡,和失眠)。中心性差异检验显示,中心变量和桥梁变量在其网络中的中心性指数明显高于其他变量(P<0.05)。
■为了在COVID-19大流行期间有效管理慢性病,加强干预措施和优化资源分配,以解决主要生活方式因素,健康结果,桥梁的生活方式至关重要。慢性病共有的关键变量强调了协调干预策略的重要性。
UNASSIGNED: Central and bridge nodes can drive significant overall improvements within their respective networks. We aimed to identify them in 16 prevalent chronic diseases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to guide effective intervention strategies and appropriate resource allocation for most significant holistic lifestyle and health improvements.
UNASSIGNED: We surveyed 16 512 adults from July 2020 to August 2021 in 30 territories. Participants self-reported their medical histories and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on 18 lifestyle factors and 13 health outcomes. For each disease subgroup, we generated lifestyle, health outcome, and bridge networks. Variables with the highest centrality indices in each were identified central or bridge. We validated these networks using nonparametric and case-dropping subset bootstrapping and confirmed central and bridge variables\' significantly higher indices through a centrality difference test.
UNASSIGNED: Among the 48 networks, 44 were validated (all correlation-stability coefficients >0.25). Six central lifestyle factors were identified: less consumption of snacks (for the chronic disease: anxiety), less sugary drinks (cancer, gastric
ulcer, hypertension, insomnia, and pre-diabetes), less smoking tobacco (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), frequency of exercise (depression and fatty liver disease), duration of exercise (irritable bowel syndrome), and overall amount of exercise (autoimmune disease, diabetes, eczema, heart attack, and high cholesterol). Two central health outcomes emerged: less emotional distress (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, eczema, fatty liver disease, gastric
ulcer, heart attack, high cholesterol, hypertension, insomnia, and pre-diabetes) and quality of life (anxiety, autoimmune disease, cancer, depression, diabetes, and irritable bowel syndrome). Four bridge lifestyles were identified: consumption of fruits and vegetables (diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, and insomnia), less duration of sitting (eczema, fatty liver disease, and heart attack), frequency of exercise (autoimmune disease, depression, and heart attack), and overall amount of exercise (anxiety, gastric
ulcer, and insomnia). The centrality difference test showed the central and bridge variables had significantly higher centrality indices than others in their networks (P < 0.05).
UNASSIGNED: To effectively manage chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic, enhanced interventions and optimised resource allocation toward central lifestyle factors, health outcomes, and bridge lifestyles are paramount. The key variables shared across chronic diseases emphasise the importance of coordinated intervention strategies.