这篇综述深入研究了神经免疫学,重点关注其与多发性硬化症(MS)的相关性和潜在的治疗进展。神经免疫学探索免疫系统和中枢神经系统(CNS)之间的复杂关系。了解这些机制对于掌握MS等疾病的病理生理学和设计创新治疗方法至关重要。这篇综述介绍了基础神经免疫学概念,强调免疫细胞的作用,细胞因子,和中枢神经系统稳定性中的血脑屏障。它强调了它们的失调如何导致MS,并讨论了影响MS易感性的遗传和环境因素。前沿研究方法,从组学技术到先进的成像,彻底改变了我们对MS的理解,提供有价值的诊断和预后工具。这篇评论还涉及到有趣的肠-脑轴,研究肠道微生物群如何影响神经免疫过程及其潜在的治疗意义。目前的MS治疗,从免疫调节药物到疾病改善疗法,与有前途的实验方法一起讨论。个性化医疗的潜力,基于细胞的治疗,并探讨了基因治疗在MS管理中的应用。总之,这篇综述强调了神经免疫学在MS研究中的意义,这表明,更深入的了解可以为MS和类似病症的更量身定制和有效的治疗铺平道路。神经免疫学的持续研究和合作对于提高患者预后至关重要。
This
review delves into neuroimmunology, focusing on its relevance to multiple sclerosis (MS) and potential treatment advancements. Neuroimmunology explores the intricate relationship between the immune system and the central nervous system (CNS). Understanding these mechanisms is vital for grasping the pathophysiology of diseases like MS and for devising innovative treatments. This
review introduces foundational neuroimmunology concepts, emphasizing the role of immune cells, cytokines, and blood-brain barrier in CNS stability. It highlights how their dysregulation can contribute to MS and discusses genetic and environmental factors influencing MS susceptibility. Cutting-edge research methods, from omics techniques to advanced imaging, have revolutionized our understanding of MS, offering valuable diagnostic and prognostic tools. This
review also touches on the intriguing gut-brain axis, examining how gut microbiota impacts neuroimmunological processes and its potential therapeutic implications. Current MS treatments, from immunomodulatory drugs to disease-modifying therapies, are discussed alongside promising experimental approaches. The potential of personalized medicine, cell-based treatments, and gene therapy in MS management is also explored. In conclusion, this
review underscores neuroimmunology\'s significance in MS research, suggesting that a deeper understanding could pave the way for more tailored and effective treatments for MS and similar conditions. Continued research and collaboration in neuroimmunology are essential for enhancing patient outcomes.