OBJECTIVE: To map nursing diagnoses related to cardiovascular function reported in studies involving patients in primary care.
METHODS: A scoping review follows JBI guidelines. Literature searches were conducted from March to May 2024. Studies included focused on nursing diagnoses for adults and older adult patients with cardiovascular conditions in primary care settings. Results were systematically presented in tables and narratively.
RESULTS: Among the 12 included studies, the most prevalent diagnosis was \"noncompliance\" (00079), removed from NANDA-I in 2017. Sixteen other diagnoses were identified, indicating a broader clinical profile of individuals with cardiovascular health issues in primary care. Most studies involved patients with hypertension in Brazil.
CONCLUSIONS: Key nursing diagnoses for patients with cardiovascular conditions in primary care were identified. Ineffective health management emerged as a common characteristic among this population.
CONCLUSIONS: Identifying prevalent diagnoses allows nurses to reinforce their commitment to managing cardiovascular conditions, improve care plans, and generate practice indicators for services, thus enhancing the quality of care provided.
OBJECTIVE: Mapear diagnósticos de enfermagem relacionados à função cardiovascular relatados em estudos envolvendo pacientes da atenção primária. MÉTODO: Trata‐se de uma revisão de escopo, seguindo as diretrizes do JBI. As pesquisas bibliográficas foram realizadas de março a maio de 2024. Foram incluídos estudos sobre diagnósticos de enfermagem para pacientes adultos e idosos, com doenças cardiovasculares, no cenário da atenção primária. Os resultados foram apresentados sistematicamente em tabelas e de forma narrativa.
RESULTS: Entre os 13 estudos incluídos, o diagnóstico mais prevalente foi “falta de adesão” (00079), retirado da NANDA‐I em 2017. Foram identificados outros 16 diagnósticos, indicando um perfil clínico mais amplo de indivíduos com problemas de saúde cardiovascular em cuidados primários. A maioria dos estudos envolveu pacientes com hipertensão no Brasil. CONCLUSÕES: Foram identificados os principais diagnósticos de enfermagem para pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares na atenção primária. A gestão insuficiente da saúde emergiu como uma característica comum entre esta população. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEM: A identificação de diagnósticos prevalentes permite aos enfermeiros reforçarem o seu compromisso com a gestão das condições cardiovasculares, melhorar os planos de cuidados e gerar indicadores de prática para os serviços, melhorando assim a qualidade dos cuidados prestados.

UNASSIGNED: The aim of this review was to identify reported nursing-sensitive outcomes in the Emergency Department to date.
UNASSIGNED: An Umbrella review was conducted. Four databases, CINAHL, Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus, were searched from inception until October 2022. MeSH terms were: \"nursing\", \"sensitivity and specificity\", \"emergency service, hospital\", \"nursing care\". Two reviewers independently screened studies against the inclusion criteria for eligibility, extracted data and assessed study quality with the SIGN tool. Results of the included studies were summarized and described in themes for narrative analysis. The study was enrolled in the PROSPERO registry (CRD42022376941) and PRISMA guidelines were followed.
UNASSIGNED: The search strategy yielded 2289 records. After duplicate removal, title, abstract and full-text eligibility screening, nine systematic reviews were included in the review. A total of 35 nursing-sensitive outcomes were reported. The most described outcomes were waiting times, patient satisfaction and time to treatment. The less measured were mortality, left without being seen and physical function. Synthesizing nursing-sensitive outcomes in themes for reporting, the most measured outcomes were within the safety domain (n=20), followed by the clinical (n=9), perceptual (n=5) and the least explored functional domain (n=1).
UNASSIGNED: Nursing sensitive outcomes research in emergency nursing practice is a conceptual challenge still in its early stage. Several nursing-sensitive outcomes were identified in this review that can evaluate the contribution of emergency department nursing care to patient outcomes. Further research is required to explore patient outcomes sensitive to emergency nursing care.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and clustering of NANDA-International nursing diagnoses in patients assisted by pre-hospital emergency teams.
METHODS: Retrospective descriptive study of electronic record review.
METHODS: Episodes recorded during 2019, including at least a nursing diagnosis, were recovered from the electronic health records of a Spanish public emergency agency (N = 28,847). Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample and determine prevalence. A two-step cluster analysis was used to group nursing diagnoses. A comparison between clusters in sociodemographic and medical problems was performed. Data were accessed in November 2020.
RESULTS: Risk for falls (00155) (27.3%), Anxiety (00146) (23.2%), Acute pain (00132), Fear (00148) and Ineffective breathing pattern (00032) represented 96.1% of all recorded diagnoses. A six-cluster solution (n = 26.788) was found. Five clusters had a single high-prevalence diagnosis predominance: Risk for falls (00155) in cluster 1, Anxiety (00146) in cluster 2, Fear (00148) in cluster 3, Acute pain (00132) in cluster 4 and Ineffective breathing pattern (00032) in cluster 6. Cluster 5 had several high prevalence diagnoses which co-occurred: Risk for unstable blood glucose level (00179), Ineffective coping (00069), Ineffective health management (00078), Impaired comfort (00214) and Impaired verbal communication (00051).
CONCLUSIONS: Five nursing diagnoses accounted for almost the entire prevalence. The identified clusters showed that pre-hospital patients present six patterns of nursing diagnoses. Five clusters were predominated by a predominant nursing diagnosis related to patient safety, coping, comfort, and activity/rest, respectively. The sixth cluster grouped several nursing diagnoses applicable to exacerbations of chronic diseases.
UNASSIGNED: Knowing the prevalence and clustering of nursing diagnoses allows a better understanding of the human responses of patients attended by pre-hospital emergency teams and increases the evidence of individualized/standardized care plans in the pre-hospital clinical setting.
CONCLUSIONS: What problem did the study address? There are different models of pre-hospital emergency care services. The use of standardized nursing languages in the pre-hospital setting is not homogeneous. Studies on NANDA-I nursing diagnoses in the pre-hospital context are scarce, and those available are conducted on small samples. What were the main findings? This paper reports the study with the largest sample among the few published on NANDA-I nursing diagnoses in the pre-hospital care setting. Five nursing diagnoses represented 96.1% of all recorded. These diagnoses were related to patients\' safety/protection and coping/stress tolerance. Patients attended by pre-hospital care teams are grouped into six clusters based on the nursing diagnoses, and this classification is independent of the medical conditions the patient suffers. Where and on whom will the research have an impact? Knowing the prevalence of nursing diagnoses allows a better understanding of the human responses of patients treated in the pre-hospital setting, increasing the evidence of individualized and standardized care plans for pre-hospital care.
UNASSIGNED: STROBE checklist has been used as a reporting method.
UNASSIGNED: Only patients\' records were reviewed without further involvement.

UNASSIGNED: Patient education is an independent role of nurses performed in nurse-led clinics (NLCs). The measurement of patient education outcomes validates whether nursing educational interventions have a positive effect on patients, which helps determine whether changes in care are needed. Standardized nursing terminologies facilitate the evaluation of educational outcomes. We aimed to explore the outcomes of patient education in NLCs based on the Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC) system.
UNASSIGNED: The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. We searched \"Medline\", \"Embase\", \"Web of Science\", and \"Scopus\" databases for articles published between 2000 and 2022. Based on the search strategy, 1157 articles were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases. After excluding the duplicates, 978 articles were appraised. 133 articles remained after reading the titles and abstracts of the articles. In the next step, the articles were evaluated regarding methodology, research population, and exclusion criteria, after which 112 articles were omitted, and finally, 21 articles were included in the full-text review. We assessed all included studies using the Quality Assessment of Controlled Intervention Studies checklist.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 21 randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. \"Physiologic health\", \"functional health\", \"psychosocial health\", \"health knowledge and behavior\", and \"perceived health\" were the domains of nursing outcomes investigated as Patient Education Outcomes in NLCs.
UNASSIGNED: Most of the outcomes were linked to lifestyle-related chronic diseases and, further studies are needed to determine the effects of patient education provided in NLCs in terms of family/society health outcomes.

The decision-making in clinical nursing, regarding diagnoses, interventions and outcomes, can be assessed using standardized language systems such as NANDA International, the Nursing Interventions Classification and the Nursing Outcome Classification; these taxonomies are the most commonly used by nurses in informatized clinical records. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of the nursing process with standardized terminology using the NANDA International, the Nursing Interventions Classification and the Nursing Outcome Classification in care practice to assess the association between the presence of the related/risk factors and the clinical decision-making about nursing diagnosis, assessing the effectiveness of nursing interventions and health outcomes, and increasing people\'s satisfaction. A systematic review was carried out in Medline and PreMedline (OvidSP), Embase (Embase-Elsevier), The Cochrane Library (Wiley), CINAHL (EbscoHOST), SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI and Scielo (WOS), LILACS (Health Virtual Library) and SCOPUS (SCOPUS-Elsevier) and included randomized clinical trials as well as quasi-experimental, cohort and case-control studies. Selection and critical appraisal were conducted by two independent reviewers. The certainty of the evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Methodology. A total of 17 studies were included with variability in the level and certainty of evidence. According to the outcomes, 6 studies assessed diagnostic decision-making and 11 assessed improvements in individual health outcomes. No studies assessed improvements in intervention effectiveness or population satisfaction. There is a need to increase studies with rigorous methodologies that address clinical decision-making about nursing diagnoses using NANDA International and individuals\' health outcomes using the Nursing Interventions Classification and the Nursing Outcome Classification as well as implementing studies that assess the use of these terminologies for improvements in the effectiveness of nurses\' interventions and population satisfaction with the nursing process.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the current application status of NANDA-I nursing diagnoses, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) in cardiac rehabilitation nursing and identify useful NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC (NNN) linkages for clinical nursing practitioners.
METHODS: This scoping review was performed in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institut guidelines. We systematically searched eight databases, and the literature search took place between June and July 2023. The characteristics and results of the studies were synthesized and analyzed in a narrative way.
RESULTS: The application of NANDA-I nursing diagnosis, NIC and NOC in cardiac rehabilitation nursing can be divided into three topics: the content, value and effect of NANDA-I nursing diagnosis, NIC and NOC.
CONCLUSIONS: The application of NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC in the field of cardiac rehabilitation nursing shows positive effects on the whole, which can provide more standardized theoretical guidance, improve nursing outcomes in clinical settings, and enhance nursing quality.
CONCLUSIONS: This experience report will guide nurses to use NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC for better cardiac rehabilitation care.
目的 描述NANDA‐I 护理诊断, 护理措施分类(NIC)和护理结局分类 (NOC)在心脏康复护理中的应用现状,并为临床护理人员提供有效的NNN 链接。 方法 该范围综述是根据JBI 指南进行的。我们系统检索了8 个数据库, 检索时间为2023 年6 月至7 月。以叙事的方式对研究的特点和结果进行了综合和分析。 发现 NANDA‐I护理诊断, NIC和NOC在心脏康复护理中的应用可以分为三个主题:NANDA‐I护理诊断, NIC和NOC应用的内容、价值和效果。 结论 NANDA‐I 护理诊断， NIC和NOC 应用在心脏康复护理中总体显示出积极效果, 可以提供更加规范的理论指导、在临床环境中改善护理结局、提升护理质量。 护理实践的影响 本综述报告将指导护士使用NANDA‐I, NIC 和NOC 更好的进行心脏康复护理。.

To explore the impact of 12 American Nurses Association recognized standardized nursing terminologies (SNTs) on patient and organizational outcomes.
Previous studies reported an effect of SNTs on outcomes, but no previous frameworks nor meta-analyses were found.
Systematic review and meta-analyses.
PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and OpenGrey databases were last consulted in July 2021. All abstracts and full texts were screened independently by two researchers. The review included primary quantitative studies that reported an association between recognized SNTs and outcomes. Two reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias and certainty of evidence for each meta-analyzed outcome using the \"Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation\" (GRADE) approach.
Fifty-three reports were included. NANDA-NIC-NOC and Omaha System were the most frequently reported SNTs used in the studies. Risk of bias in randomized controlled trials and not-randomized controlled trials ranged from high to unclear, this risk was low in cross-sectional studies. The number of nursing diagnoses NANDA-I moderately correlated with the intensive care unit length of stay (r = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.31-0.44). Using the Omaha System nurse-led transitional care program showed a large increase in both knowledge (d = 1.21; 95% CI = 0.97-1.44) and self-efficacy (d = 1.23; 95% CI = 0.97-1.48), while a reduction on the readmission rate (OR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.09-0.83). Nursing diagnoses were found to be useful predictors for organizational (length of stay) and patients\' outcomes (mortality, quality of life). The GRADE indicated that the certainty of evidence was rated from very low to low.
Studies using SNTs demonstrated significant improvement and prediction power in several patients\' and organizational outcomes. Further high-quality research is required to increase the certainty of evidence of these relationships.
SNTs should be considered by healthcare policymakers to improve nursing care and as essential reporting data about patient\'s nursing complexity to guide reimbursement criteria.

To identify, describe and analyse the gender perspective in the use of the diagnoses contained in the NANDA-I taxonomy in observational studies published in the scientific literature.
A systematic review has been conducted spanning from 2002 to 2020. The most frequent NANDA-I nursing diagnoses in care plans reported in observational studies, and the defining characteristics and related factors identified for men and women have been described. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA-P) have guided our research. The main findings have been summarized using a descriptive narrative synthesis approach.
Forty-one articles were included in our study. With regard to gender analysis, the percentage of men and women that make up the sample were not specified in all articles, and half of the studies did not identify gender either in the diagnosis label or in their defining characteristics or related factors. Based on the reviewed articles, gender perspectives are not systematically incorporated in the use of the NANDA-I diagnosis. Therefore, gender biases in its use in the scientific literature may exist. This situation poses barriers to determine the health responses that are different and unequal between women and men.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify nursing interventions and activities for patients with multiple traumas who have variations in physical mobility.
METHODS: We used integrative literature review following Whittemore and Knafl method and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses\' guidelines and adopting the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Classification Medicine - Levels of Evidence. The data collection was carried out between October and December 2019 and updated in May 2022, in the following databases: Virtual Health Library, Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, PubMed®, SciVerse Scopus, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Web of Science.
RESULTS: There were 103 articles to be fully read and evaluated. From these, 34 publications were selected. Most nursing interventions and activities identified were placed in the NIC class Activity and Exercise Management in the Physiological: Basic domain, which has interventions to organize or to assist with physical activity, energy conservation, and expenditure; followed by Elimination Management (interventions to establish and maintain regular bowel and urinary elimination patterns and manage complications due to altered patterns); Immobility Management (interventions to manage restricted body movement and the sequelae); Nutrition Support (interventions to modify or maintain nutritional status); Physical Comfort Promotion (interventions to promote comfort using physical techniques); and Self-Care Facilitation (interventions to provide or assist with routine activities of daily living).
CONCLUSIONS: The interventions and nursing activities found in this research were not only related to the change in mobility in victims of multiple traumas but also aimed to prevent the consequences of immobility and to take care of already established conditions.
UNASSIGNED: This research enables the taxonomy\'s development and the validation of interventions for selected groups of patients. This allows the contribution to the development of the NIC-an important resource to improve nursing practice in teaching, research, and care.
OBJECTIVE: Esta pesquisa propõe a identificação das intervenções e atividades de enfermagem para pacientes politraumatizados que apresentam alterações na mobilidade física. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão minuciosa da literatura, seguindo o método de Whittemore e Knafl e as diretrizes Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (2005) e adotando o Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Classification Medicine - Levels of Evidence (2011). A busca na literatura inclui bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde; Biblioteca Cochrane; Base de dados Excerpta Medica; Sistema de Análise e Recuperação de Literatura Médica Online; PubMed®; SciVerse Scopus; O Índice Cumulativo para Enfermagem e Literatura de Saúde Aliada; e Web of Science. As buscas foram realizadas entre outubro e dezembro de 2019 e atualizadas em maio de 2022.
RESULTS: Havia 103 artigos para serem lidos e avaliados na íntegra. Destes, foram selecionadas 34. A maioria das intervenções e atividades de enfermagem identificadas foram colocadas na classe NIC Gerenciamento de Atividades e Exercícios no domínio Fisiológico: Básico, que possui intervenções para organizar ou auxiliar na atividade física, conservação de energia e gasto; seguido pelo Gerenciamento de Eliminação (intervenções para estabelecer e manter padrões regulares de eliminação intestinal e urinária e gerenciar complicações devido a padrões alterados); Gestão da Imobilidade (intervenções para gerir o movimento corporal restrito e as sequelas); Suporte Nutricional (intervenções para modificar ou manter o estado nutricional); Promoção do Conforto Físico (intervenções para promover o conforto utilizando técnicas físicas); e Facilitação do Autocuidado (intervenções para fornecer ou auxiliar nas atividades rotineiras da vida diária). CONCLUSÕES: As intervenções e atividades de enfermagem encontradas nesta pesquisa não estavam relacionadas apenas à alteração da mobilidade em vítimas de politraumatismos, mas também visavam prevenir as consequências da imobilidade e cuidar das condições já estabelecidas. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEM: Esta pesquisa possibilita o desenvolvimento da taxonomia e a validação de intervenções para grupos selecionados de pacientes. Isso permite contribuir para o desenvolvimento da NIC - importante recurso para aprimorar a prática de enfermagem no ensino, na pesquisa e na assistência.

BACKGROUND: Nursing diagnoses should reasonably represent global nursing practice phenomena, organizing indicators in their clinical structure that represent different scenarios and populations. However, few studies have summarized the evidence of these indicators, mainly for behavioral diagnoses.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to identify the best clinical indicators (CI) to determine the presence or absence of the nursing diagnosis \"Ineffective Health Management\" (IHM).
METHODS: A systematic review with meta-analysis was utilized. Six electronic databases were consulted to retrieve studies that identified the nursing diagnosis IHM, with at least one CI. The period of data collection was between September and October 2020. The research group independently conducted the selection, quality assessment, data extraction, and analysis of all included studies. Fixed-effect measures and meta-analyses summarized sensitivity, specificity measures, and diagnostic odds ratios using the statistical software R. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses and standards for reporting studies of diagnostic accuracy guidelines were used to guide this review, and quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies was used for the critical appraisal of the methodological quality of the included studies.
RESULTS: The systematic review included 11 studies on people with chronic conditions, the elderly, and pregnant women. The analyzed four CI showed diagnostic odds ratios statistically higher than the unit value, highlighting the \"Failure to include the treatment regimen in daily living\" (DOR = 45.53; CI = 10.1, 205.6).
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, findings showed that all CI of the IHM nursing diagnosis had good sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio measures to identify their presence correctly. These findings can contribute to better accuracy in nurses\' decision-making process, providing indicators to infer the IHM nursing diagnosis early in different population spectra based on the best measures of diagnostic accuracy.