创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的动物研究目标包括更好地了解PTSD的神经生理学病因,确定新药物疗法的潜在靶标,并筛选药物作为人类创伤后应激障碍治疗的潜在用途。创伤后应激障碍的诊断依赖于患者访谈,正如DSM-5中诊断标准的变化所证明的那样,对人类这种疾病的充分描述是一个移动的目标.因此,在动物如啮齿动物中建立PTSD的模型似乎是无法克服的。幸运的是,涉及恐惧和焦虑的神经回路,被认为对人类创伤后应激障碍的病因至关重要,在整个进化过程中高度保守。此外,许多症状可以用有脸的行为测试来建模,construct,和预测效度。因为创伤后应激障碍是由明确的创伤经历引发的,动物模型可以模拟创伤后应激障碍的诱导,并通过纵向设计测试因果关系。因此,已经建立了几种身体和心理创伤的动物模型。这篇综述讨论了在啮齿动物中广泛使用的PTSD动物模型,并概述了他们在面子上的优势和劣势,construct,和预测效度。
The goals of animal research in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) include better understanding the neurophysiological etiology of PTSD, identifying potential targets for novel pharmacotherapies, and screening drugs for their potential use as PTSD treatment in humans. Diagnosis of PTSD relies on a patient interview and, as evidenced by changes to the diagnostic criteria in the DSM-5, an adequate description of this disorder in humans is a moving target. Therefore, it may seem insurmountable to model the construct of PTSD in animals such as rodents. Fortunately, the neural circuitry involved in fear and anxiety, thought to be essential to the etiology of PTSD in humans, is highly conserved throughout evolution. Furthermore, many symptoms can be modeled using behavioral tests that have face, construct, and predictive validity. Because PTSD is precipitated by a definite traumatic experience, animal models can simulate the induction of PTSD, and test causal factors with longitudinal designs. Accordingly, several animal models of physical and psychological trauma have been established. This
review discusses the widely used animal models of PTSD in rodents, and overviews their strengths and weaknesses in terms of face, construct, and predictive validity.