social cognition

社会认知
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    边缘性人格障碍(BPD)是一种复杂的心理健康状况,其特征是情绪不稳定,关系,自我形象,和行为。患有BPD的人经常在激烈的情绪中挣扎,冲动,保持稳定的关系。催产素,被称为“爱激素”或“结合激素”,“在社会纽带中起着至关重要的作用,信任,同理心,情绪调节及其失调可能导致BPD困难。本系统综述旨在分析现有文献,检查复杂的相互作用,并鼓励未来的研究和治疗策略。
    对PubMed文献的系统搜索,Embase和Psychinfo,没有任何语言或时间限制,直到2024年3月,将同义词库和与“边缘性人格障碍”和“催产素”相关的免费搜索索引术语组合在一起,产生310个结果(77个在PubMed,Embase中的166和Psychinfo中的67)。分析了94篇全文,共纳入70篇文献进行定性分析。
    催产素可能会影响依恋风格,父母的行为,和应激反应,特别是有童年创伤史的人。催产素之间的相互作用,遗传学,早期生活经历,和环境因素有助于BPD的复杂性。催产素受体基因的遗传变异可能会影响社交和情感能力,并有助于精神病理学的发展。此外,早期不良经历,比如童年的虐待,可以改变催产素的功能,影响社会认知和情绪调节。然而,催产素在BPD治疗中的作用仍不确定,一些研究表明,避免社会威胁等特定症状的潜在益处,而其他人则表明对非语言行为和心理化的不利影响。
    了解催产素在BPD中的作用可以为潜在的治疗干预措施提供见解。虽然基于催产素的治疗可能有望解决特定症状,需要进一步的研究。
    UNASSIGNED: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex mental health condition marked by instability in mood, relationships, self-image, and behavior. Individuals with BPD often struggle with intense emotions, impulsivity, and maintaining stable relationships. Oxytocin, known as the \"love hormone\" or \"bonding hormone,\" plays a crucial role in social bonding, trust, empathy, and emotional regulation and its dysregulation may contribute to BPD difficulties. This systematic review aims to analyze existing literature, examining the intricate interplay and encouraging future research and treatment strategies.
    UNASSIGNED: A systematic search of Literature in PubMed, Embase and Psychinfo, without any language or time restriction, was performed until March 2024 combining thesaurus and free-search indexing terms related to \"borderline personality disorder\" and \"oxytocin\", producing 310 results (77 in PubMed, 166 in Embase and 67 in Psychinfo). Ninety-four full texts were analyzed, and 70 articles were included in qualitative analysis.
    UNASSIGNED: Oxytocin may influence attachment styles, parental behaviors, and stress responses, particularly in individuals with a history of childhood trauma. The interaction between oxytocin, genetics, early life experiences, and environmental factors contributes to the complexity of BPD. Genetic variations in the oxytocin receptor gene may influence social and emotional abilities and contribute to the development of psychopathology. Additionally, early adverse experiences, such as childhood maltreatment, can alter oxytocin functioning, impacting social cognition and emotional regulation.However, oxytocin\'s role in BPD treatment remains uncertain, with some studies suggesting potential benefits for specific symptoms like social threat avoidance, while others indicate adverse effects on nonverbal behavior and mentalizing.
    UNASSIGNED: Understanding oxytocin\'s role in BPD offers insights into potential therapeutic interventions. While oxytocin-based treatments may hold promise for addressing specific symptoms, further research is needed.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:已知社会认知障碍是几种精神和神经发育障碍的关键因素。近年来,人们对迷幻药的兴趣有所增加,有大量研究确定迷幻和致幻药物作为社会认知的调节剂。然而,在将迷幻药作为社会认知缺陷的治疗方法在临床环境中实施之前,需要更多的研究。因此,这项研究描述了一个范围审查方案,该方案将用于分析有关迷幻药作为精神病和神经发育障碍患者社会认知调节剂的文献。
    方法:本范围审查方案是使用JBI范围审查方法学组关于如何进行范围审查的描述制定的。该小组确定的指南以及在研究图书馆员的协助下制定的搜索策略将适用于搜索几种同行评审的期刊,包括MEDLINE(Ovid),PsycINFO,EMBASE(Elsevier),和Scopus(Elsevier)。提取的每个研究将在两步筛选过程中进行筛选,包括标题和抽象屏幕,和一个全文屏幕。一个独立的个体将完成筛查的两个步骤,第二个独立个人将审查完成的筛查。
    结论:对目前关于迷幻药作为社会认知调节剂的文献的理解将提供对目前已知的关于该主题的见解,以及文献中可以在未来研究中解决的任何空白。从这项范围审查中获得的知识可能会为临床人群的社会认知缺陷提供新的治疗方法。
    BACKGROUND: Impairments in social cognition are known to be a key factor in several psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Interest in psychedelic drugs has increased in recent years, with significant research identifying psychedelic and hallucinogenic drugs as modulators of social cognition. However, more research is necessary before psychedelics are implemented in clinical settings as treatments for social cognition defects. Therefore, this study describes a scoping review protocol which will be used to analyze the body of literature on psychedelic drugs as modulators of social cognition in patients with psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.
    METHODS: This scoping review protocol was developed using the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group\'s description of how to conduct a scoping review. The guidelines identified by this group as well as a search strategy developed with the assistance of a research librarian will be applied to a search of several peer-reviewed journals, including MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO, EMBASE (Elsevier), and Scopus (Elsevier). Each study extracted will be screened in a two-step screening process, including a title and abstract screen, and a full-text screen. One independent individual will complete both steps of the screening, and a second independent individual will review the completed screening.
    CONCLUSIONS: An understanding of the current literature on psychedelic drugs as modulators of social cognition will provide insight into what is presently known on the subject, and any gaps in the literature that can be addressed in future studies. The knowledge gained from this scoping review could lead to a new treatment for social cognition defects in clinical populations.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:多发性硬化(MS)是一种通过引起脱髓鞘而影响中枢神经系统的慢性神经系统疾病。社会认知(SC)缺陷在MS患者中很常见,并且由于难以解释社会线索和建立有意义的关系,可能会显着影响他们的生活质量(QoL)。
    目的:本范围综述旨在研究MS患者的SC及其对QoL的影响。
    方法:在PubMed中进行了系统搜索,Scopus,Embase,和WebofScience数据库。在阅读选定研究的全文并应用预定义的纳入标准后,根据与该主题的相关性和相关性,纳入了4项研究.
    结果:研究结果强调了SC赤字之间的显着关联,社会支持,疲劳,和QoL结果。认知下降被确定为MS人群SC损伤的预测因素,影响日常活动和人际关系,从而降低QoL。此外,抑郁和焦虑等情绪障碍加剧了这些挑战。加强社会支持网络可以改善MS的心理健康和疾病管理。
    结论:尽管证据有限,评估SC对于MS的护理途径至关重要,以开发针对认知,情感,和疾病的社会方面,从而改善总体结果和QoL。
    BACKGROUND: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that affects the Central Nervous System by causing demyelination. Social cognition (SC) deficits are common among individuals with MS and can significantly impact their quality of life (QoL) due to difficulties in interpreting social cues and establishing meaningful relationships.
    OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to investigate SC in subjects with MS and its impact on QoL.
    METHODS: Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases. After reading the full text of the selected studies and applying predefined inclusion criteria, four studies were included based on pertinence and relevance to the topic.
    RESULTS: The findings highlight significant associations between SC deficits, social support, fatigue, and QoL outcomes. Cognitive decline was identified as a predictive factor for SC impairment in the MS population, which affects daily activities and relationships, thereby reducing QoL. Moreover, emotional impairments such as depression and anxiety exacerbate these challenges. Enhancing social support networks may improve psychological well-being and disease management in MS.
    CONCLUSIONS: Although evidence is limited, assessing SC is crucial in the care pathways for MS to develop tailored psychosocial interventions that address the cognitive, emotional, and social facets of the disease, thereby improving overall outcomes and QoL.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    社会认知-感知社会刺激和协商社会环境的复杂心理能力-已成为社会功能所需的重要认知能力,日常运作,和生活质量。社会认知的缺陷已经在那些患有严重精神疾病的人中得到了很好的记录,包括精神分裂症和抑郁症。自闭症谱系中的人,以及那些患有其他脑部疾病的人,这些缺陷会严重影响日常生活。此外,在其他临床人群中也观察到了社会认知的微妙缺陷,尤其是那些可能损害了非社会认知的人(即,流体智能,如记忆)。在艾滋病毒感染者(PLHIV)中,44%的人经历过认知障碍;同样,心理理论中的社会认知缺陷,韵律,同理心,和情感面部识别/感知正在逐渐被识别。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在总结PLHIV对社会认知能力的最新知识,由14项专注于PLHIV社会认知的研究确定,并提供了客观共识的调查结果。总的来说,文献表明,PLHIV可能存在发生微妙的社会认知缺陷的风险,这可能会影响他们的日常社会功能和生活质量.这种社会认知缺陷的原因尚不清楚,但可能是由于(1)与HIV相关的后遗症破坏了处理社会认知和非社会认知的相同神经系统而发展的;(2)与应对HIV疾病本身有关的压力压倒了一个人的社会认知资源;或(3)可能已经病前存在,可能导致艾滋病毒感染。由此,提出了一个理论框架,强调了社会认知之间的关系,非社会认知,和社会日常运作。
    Social cognition-the complex mental ability to perceive social stimuli and negotiate the social environment-has emerged as an important cognitive ability needed for social functioning, everyday functioning, and quality of life. Deficits in social cognition have been well documented in those with severe mental illness including schizophrenia and depression, those along the autism spectrum, and those with other brain disorders where such deficits profoundly impact everyday life. Moreover, subtle deficits in social cognition have been observed in other clinical populations, especially those that may have compromised non-social cognition (i.e., fluid intelligence such as memory). Among people living with HIV (PLHIV), 44% experience cognitive impairment; likewise, social cognitive deficits in theory of mind, prosody, empathy, and emotional face recognition/perception are gradually being recognized. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to summarize the current knowledge of social cognitive ability among PLHIV, identified by 14 studies focused on social cognition among PLHIV, and provides an objective consensus of the findings. In general, the literature suggests that PLHIV may be at-risk of developing subtle social cognitive deficits that may impact their everyday social functioning and quality of life. The causes of such social cognitive deficits remain unclear, but perhaps develop due to (1) HIV-related sequelae that are damaging the same neurological systems in which social cognition and non-social cognition are processed; (2) stress related to coping with HIV disease itself that overwhelms one\'s social cognitive resources; or (3) may have been present pre-morbidly, possibly contributing to an HIV infection. From this, a theoretical framework is proposed highlighting the relationships between social cognition, non-social cognition, and social everyday functioning.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:先前评估注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)社会认知的研究结果不一致。为了总结这些数据,并阐明可能解释观察到的不一致的主持人,我们进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析,探索社会认知(心理理论(ToM),移情,面部和非面部情绪识别)和患有ADHD的儿童和青少年的日常社交技能。
    方法:目前的荟萃分析涉及142项研究,包括652项效应大小。这些研究比较了患有ADHD的儿童和青少年(n=8,300)和典型发育(n=7,983)。
    结果:患有ADHD的参与者表现出中度至非常大的ToM缺陷(SMD=0.84,95%CI=0.68-0.99),面部情绪识别(SMD=0.63,95%CI=0.46-0.81),和日常社交技能(SMD=1.23,95%CI=1.08-1.37)。当考虑对某些协变量和研究的方法学质量进行调整的效应大小时,这些损伤的程度是相似的。很少有研究调查同理心和非面部情绪识别,这排除了明确的结论。
    结论:患有ADHD的儿童和青少年在ToM中经历了严重的损害,面部情绪识别和日常社交技能。未来的研究应该探讨这些缺陷是否是其他认知领域困难的结果(例如,执行功能)。我们已经开放了我们所有的原始数据,以方便社区使用目前的工作(例如,临床医生寻找工具,评估社会损害,或设计新研究的研究人员)。
    BACKGROUND: Previous studies that have assessed social cognition in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have produced inconsistent findings. To summarize these data and shed light upon moderators that may explain observed inconsistencies, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring social cognition (Theory of Mind (ToM), Empathy, Facial and Non-Facial Emotion Recognition) and Everyday Social Skills in children and adolescents with ADHD.
    METHODS: The current meta-analysis involved 142 studies including 652 effect sizes. These studies compared children and adolescents with ADHD (n = 8,300) and with typical development (n = 7,983).
    RESULTS: Participants with ADHD exhibited moderate to very large deficits in ToM (SMD = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.68-0.99), Facial Emotion Recognition (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.46-0.81), and Everyday Social Skills (SMD = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.08-1.37). The magnitude of these impairments was similar when considering effect sizes adjusted for some covariates and the methodological quality of the studies. Few studies have investigated Empathy and Non-Facial Emotion Recognition, which precludes definitive conclusions.
    CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with ADHD experience robust impairments in ToM, Facial Emotion Recognition and Everyday Social Skills. Future studies should explore whether these deficits are a consequence of difficulties in other areas of cognition (e.g., executive functioning). We have made all our raw data open access to facilitate the use of the present work by the community (e.g., clinicians looking for tools, assessing social impairments, or researchers designing new studies).
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:家族性高胆固醇血症(FH)是一种遗传性疾病,可导致过早发生动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的风险增加。这种风险可以通过坚持药物治疗和显著的生活方式行为来改善(例如,身体活动的参与,健康饮食)。识别基于理论的,这些行为的可修改的决定因素可能会为促进参与FH自我管理行为的行为干预提供信息。我们旨在确定与执行意图唯一相关的基于信念的社会认知结构,和实际参与,现有研究中的FH自我管理行为。
    方法:系统的数据库搜索确定的研究(k=9,N=1394)报告了社会认知理论建构与意图之间的关系,或实际参与,FH患者的自我管理行为。由于没有确定检查前瞻性测量行为的研究,我们测试了社会认知结构之间的关系,意图,和过去的FH自我管理行为使用随机效应多层次荟萃分析和荟萃分析结构方程模型。
    结果:我们发现关键社会认知结构(态度,规范,风险认知,自我效能),意图,过去的行为。元分析结构方程模型表明态度的平均直接效应为非零,规范,自我效能感,和过去的行为对FH自我管理行为意图的影响。过去的行为对社会认知结构介导的意图也存在非零平均间接影响。
    结论:研究结果为支持所提出的模型提供了证据,并强调了个人,规范性,与能力相关的信念和过去的经验作为执行FH自我管理行为的意图的独特相关性。该模型可能预示着可能成为行为干预目标的潜在结构,以促进参与FH自我管理行为。
    OBJECTIVE: Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disorder leading to increased risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This risk can be ameliorated through adherence to pharmacological treatment and salient lifestyle behaviors (e.g., physical activity participation, healthy eating). Identifying theory-based, modifiable determinants of these behaviors may inform behavioral interventions promoting participation in FH self-management behaviors. We aimed to identify the belief-based social cognition constructs uniquely associated with intentions to perform, and actual participation in, FH self-management behaviors in the extant research.
    METHODS: A systematic database search identified studies (k = 9, N = 1394) reporting relations between social cognition theory constructs and intention toward, or actual participation in, self-management behaviors in FH patients. As no studies examining prospectively-measured behaviors were identified, we tested relations among social cognition constructs, intentions, and past FH-self-management behavior using random effects multi-level meta-analysis and meta-analytic structural equation modelling.
    RESULTS: We found non-zero averaged correlations among the key social cognition constructs (attitudes, norms, risk perceptions, self-efficacy), intentions, and past behavior. A meta-analytic structural equation model indicated non-zero averaged direct effects of attitudes, norms, self-efficacy, and past behavior on FH self-management behavioral intentions. There were also non-zero averaged indirect effects of past behavior on intentions mediated by the social cognition constructs.
    CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide evidence to support the proposed model and highlight the importance of personal, normative, and capacity related beliefs and past experience as unique correlates of intentions to perform FH self-management behaviors. The model may signal potential constructs that could be targeted in behavioral interventions to promote participation in FH self-management behaviors.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在过去的十年中,非侵入性脑刺激(NIBS)作为自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)患者的治疗选择得到了越来越多的研究。然而,以往的研究未就优越的治疗方案或刺激目标达成共识.自闭症患者经常遭受社会孤立和高失业率,由社会交往中的困难引起的。ASD涉及多个参与感知的神经系统,语言,和认知,这些功能域的潜在大脑网络已经有了很好的记录。旨在概述在晚期青少年和成人ASD中针对这些神经系统的NIBS效应,我们从631篇非重复出版物开始对文献进行了系统的搜索,导致符合纳入和排除标准的6项研究。我们讨论了这些研究的治疗原理和相应选择的方法设置。这些研究的结果各不相同,而方法论的进步可能允许解释一些可变性。基于这些见解,我们讨论了未来临床试验的策略,以个性化选择脑刺激目标,同时考虑脑解剖结构和功能的受试者间差异。
    Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been increasingly investigated during the last decade as a treatment option for persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, previous studies did not reach a consensus on a superior treatment protocol or stimulation target. Persons with ASD often suffer from social isolation and high rates of unemployment, arising from difficulties in social interaction. ASD involves multiple neural systems involved in perception, language, and cognition, and the underlying brain networks of these functional domains have been well documented. Aiming to provide an overview of NIBS effects when targeting these neural systems in late adolescent and adult ASD, we conducted a systematic search of the literature starting at 631 non-duplicate publications, leading to six studies corresponding with inclusion and exclusion criteria. We discuss these studies regarding their treatment rationale and the accordingly chosen methodological setup. The results of these studies vary, while methodological advances may allow to explain some of the variability. Based on these insights, we discuss strategies for future clinical trials to personalize the selection of brain stimulation targets taking into account intersubject variability of brain anatomy as well as function.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    患有严重精神疾病(SMI;精神病和情感障碍伴精神病)的人自杀风险增加,然而,关于SMI自杀相关因素的研究有限。社会认知障碍在SMI患者中很常见,一些研究已经检查了社会认知和自杀意念(SI)和行为。这篇系统的综述旨在评估社会认知的各个领域之间的联系,SI,和SMI的自杀行为。
    电子数据库(PubMed和PsycInfo)搜索到2023年6月。通过该搜索获得的记录(N=618)由2个独立的审阅者根据纳入标准进行筛选。提取相关数据,并对研究质量进行评估。
    来自12个独立样本的研究(N=16)包括在系统评价中(N=2631,样本量范围从N=20到N=593)。在研究之间,对社会认知,SI和行为的评估差异很大。广义上,效果喜忧参半。更好地识别负面情绪与SI和自杀未遂史有关,尽管几乎没有一致的证据表明情绪识别与SI或行为之间的关系。另一方面,更好的心理能力理论与SI和自杀未遂史有关。此外,负归因偏差与当前SI相关,但不是SI或尝试的历史。
    这篇综述提出了社会认知之间的混合关联,SI,和SMI中的行为。未来的研究应该评估社会认知和自杀的其他中介和调节者,采用前瞻性设计。
    UNASSIGNED: People with serious mental illness (SMI; psychotic and affective disorders with psychosis) are at an increased risk of suicide, yet there is limited research on the correlates of suicide in SMI. Social cognitive impairments are common among people with SMI and several studies have examined social cognition and suicidal ideation (SI) and behavior. This systematic review aims to evaluate the links between various domains of social cognition, SI, and suicidal behavior in SMI.
    UNASSIGNED: Electronic databases (PubMed and PsycInfo) were searched through June 2023. Records obtained through this search (N = 618) were screened by 2 independent reviewers according to inclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted, and study quality was assessed.
    UNASSIGNED: Studies (N = 16) from 12 independent samples were included in the systematic review (N = 2631, sample sizes ranged from N = 20 to N = 593). Assessments of social cognition and SI and behavior varied widely between studies. Broadly, effects were mixed. Better emotion recognition of negative affect was linked to SI and a history of suicide attempts, though there is little consistent evidence for the relationship of emotion recognition and SI or behavior. On the other hand, better theory of mind ability was linked to SI and a history of suicide attempts. Furthermore, negative attributional bias was linked to current SI, but not a history of SI or attempt.
    UNASSIGNED: This review suggests mixed associations between social cognition, SI, and behavior in SMI. Future research should evaluate additional mediators and moderators of social cognition and suicide, employing prospective designs.
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  • 文章类型: Systematic Review
    语用障碍在精神分裂症谱系障碍中扩散,但文献仍在争论它的神经认知基础。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在研究精神分裂症中语用障碍的神经认知相关性,并确定社会认知和执行功能对此类疾病的影响。在从文献中检索到的2668条记录中,16篇论文被纳入系统综述,主要集中在精神分裂症的非字面意义和话语产生上。10项研究纳入荟萃分析:语用学与社会认知和执行功能(尤其是抑制)中度相关,但与社会认知的联系更强。中介分析表明,社会认知介导了执行功能与语用之间的关系。基于此,我们提出了一个层次的神经认知模型,其中语用学源于社会认知,虽然执行功能是支持其他两个领域的沃土,并讨论其理论和临床意义。
    Pragmatic impairment is diffused in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, but the literature still debates its neurocognitive underpinnings. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the neurocognitive correlates of pragmatic disorders in schizophrenia and determine the weight of social cognition and executive functioning on such disorders. Of the 2,668 records retrieved from the literature, 16 papers were included in the systematic review, mostly focused on non-literal meanings and discourse production in schizophrenia. Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis: pragmatics was moderately associated with both social cognition and executive functions (especially inhibition), but the link with social cognition was stronger. The mediation analysis showed that social cognition mediated the relationship between executive functions and pragmatics. Based on this, we proposed a hierarchical neurocognitive model where pragmatics stems from social cognition, while executive functions are the fertile ground supporting the other two domains, and we discuss its theoretical and clinical implications.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:了解他人精神状态的能力(社会认知),以及语言,对孩子有良好的社会适应至关重要。社会认知(SC)已被证明是三个因素的层次模型(认知,中间和情感SC)与语言过程相关。自闭症谱系儿童和患有发育性语言障碍(DLD)或社交沟通障碍(SCD)的儿童表现出语言和SC困难,尽管方式不同。
    目的:本系统综述旨在发现语言和SC如何相互作用,并确定目标人群的语言和社会情感状况。
    方法:根据2022年11月的系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目,对约1593篇文章进行了系统评价,通过纳入/排除标准,共38篇文章进行定性评估。他们中的大多数患有自闭症(26)或DLD(14),程度较小的SCD(3)。
    结果:尽管SC与语言的所有组成部分有关,SC与叙事和形态语法密切相关,部分与词典相关。语用学表现出与SC的复杂关系,因为对年龄或任务等其他因素的敏感性更高,韵律似乎与情感过程更相关。此外,自闭症患者,SCD和DLD儿童在语言和社会情感表现上表现出差异。主流DLD儿童在通用语言方面的表现较低,自闭症和SCD儿童的语言差异更大,语用和SC任务更低,SCD儿童与语言产生困难有关,而自闭症儿童则具有接受性和生产性语言。
    结论:每种语言成分与SC具有不同的相互作用。同样,对于每种疾病,都有不同的语言特点。这些结果对于未来的研究重点是互动和社会情绪过程的特定组成部分,以及临床和教育治疗。
    结论:本主题已知的是Schurz等人的分层模型。(2021),将社会认知分为三种大脑结构:认知社会认知(CSC),情感社会认知(ASC)和中间社会认知(ISC)。他们观察到语言和ISC之间有很大的关系,这一事实得到了其他一些研究的证实。研究还发现,自闭症和语言和沟通障碍儿童的语言和社会情感能力低于神经典型发育儿童,以及这些疾病之间的行为和神经认知重叠(Durrleman等人。,2019年;Löytömäki等人。,2019)。本文对现有知识的补充这是第一个将所有语言成分(叙事,词典,形态语法,语用和韵律)与社会认知的三种结构(认知,中级和情感)。此外,这是第一篇研究自闭症社会语言因素比较的综述,4至9岁儿童的发育性语言障碍和社会交往障碍,并伴有神经典型发育。这项工作的潜在或实际临床意义是什么?了解自闭症谱系障碍中语言和社会认知如何相互作用,发展语言障碍和社会交流障碍使我们能够追踪每种研究障碍的社会语言概况,更好地理解有这些困难的孩子,and,有了这个,找到具体的潜在干预点,以改善和预防这些困难。
    BACKGROUND: The ability to understand the mental state of others (social cognition), as well as language, is crucial for children to have good social adaptation. Social cognition (SC) has been shown to be a hierarchical model of three factors (Cognitive, intermediate and affective SC) interrelated with linguistic processes. Children on the autism spectrum and children with developmental language disorder (DLD) or social communication disorder (SCD) manifest language and SC difficulties, albeit in different ways.
    OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to find how language and SC interact with each other and identify linguistic and socio-affective profiles in the target population.
    METHODS: About 1593 articles were systematically reviewed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guide in November 2022, obtaining, through inclusion/exclusion criteria, a total of 38 articles for qualitative assessment. The majority of them were on autism (26) or DLD (14) and to a lesser extent SCD (3).
    RESULTS: Although SC is related to all components of language, SC is strongly related to narrative and morphosyntax and partially related to lexicon. Pragmatics shows a complex relation with SC due to greater sensitivity to other factors such as age or task, and prosody appears to be more related to emotional processes. Besides, autistic, SCD and DLD children showed differences in their language and socio-affective performance. Mainstream DLD children have lower performance in general language, where autistic and SCD children have more linguistic variation and are lower in pragmatic and SC tasks, SCD children being more associated with language production difficulties and autistic children with both receptive and productive language.
    CONCLUSIONS: Each language component has a different interaction with SC. Likewise, different linguistic profiles are partially found for each disorder. These results are important for future lines of research focusing on specific components of interaction and socio-emotional processes, as well as for clinical and educational treatment.
    CONCLUSIONS: What is already known on the subject The hierarchical model of Schurz et al. (2021), divide social cognition into three brain constructs: cognitive social cognition (CSC), affective social cognition (ASC) and intermediate social cognition (ISC). They observe a large relationship between language and ISC, a fact that has been corroborated with some other studies. Studies have also found lower linguistic and socio-affective abilities in children with autism and language and communication disorders compared with children with neurotypical development, and large behavioural and neurocognitive overlaps between these disorders (Durrleman et al., 2019; Löytömäki et al., 2019). What this paper adds to existing knowledge This is the first review that relates all linguistic components (narrative, lexicon, morphosyntax, pragmatic and prosody) with the three constructs of social cognition (Cognitive, intermediate and affective). Moreover, it is the first review that studies the socio-linguistic factors comparing autism, developmental language disorder and social communication disorder with each other and with neurotypical development in children aged from 4 to 9 years. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Understanding how language and social cognition interact with each other in autism spectrum disorder, developmental language disorder and social communication disorder allows us to trace socio-linguistic profiles for each of the studied disorders, understand better children with these difficulties, and, with this, find specific potential intervention points to improve and prevent these difficulties.
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