背景:膳食纤维摄入对高血压的可能影响尚未完全阐明。本研究分析了中年女性膳食纤维摄入与高血压风险的关系。方法:基线数据来自全国妇女健康研究(SWAN)。平滑曲线,线性回归,进行了逻辑回归分析,以研究膳食纤维的每日膳食估计(DDE)的四个指标(膳食纤维摄入量,从豆类中摄入膳食纤维,从蔬菜/水果中摄入膳食纤维,和谷物中的膳食纤维摄入量)与中年女性的血压有关。出于这一研究目的,舒张压(DBP)≥90mmHg定义为舒张性高血压,收缩压(SBP)≥140mmHg定义为收缩期高血压。结果:这项研究包括2,519名参与者,平均年龄为46岁。平滑曲线显示三种纤维指数(DDE膳食纤维,来自蔬菜/水果的DDE纤维,和来自谷物的DDE纤维)和血压,包括DBP和SBP(均P<0.005)。两种纤维指数(DDE膳食纤维和谷物中的DDE纤维)与舒张性高血压和收缩期高血压的风险之间也存在近似负相关(均P<0.05)。此外,多元线性回归分析表明DDE膳食纤维(Sβ=-0.057,95%CI-0.194--0.012,P=0.027),来自蔬菜/水果的DDE纤维(Sβ=-0.046,95%CI-0.263--0.007,P=0.039),调整混杂因素后,谷物DDE纤维(Sβ=-0.073,95%CI-0.600--0.099,P=0.006,模型4)与DBP仍呈负相关。调整了相同的混杂因素后,只有谷物中的DDE纤维与SBP呈独立负相关(Sβ=-0.060,95%CI-0.846--0.093,P=0.015)。重要的是,多因素logistic回归分析显示,在对混杂因素进行校正后,只有较高的颗粒DDE纤维与舒张期高血压(OR=0.848,95%CI0.770-0.934,P=0.001,模型4)和收缩期高血压(OR=0.906,95%CI0.826-0.993,P=0.034,模型4)的风险降低独立相关.结论:我们发现膳食纤维的摄入量,尤其是来自谷物的DDE纤维,有助于降低中年女性收缩期高血压和舒张期高血压的风险。
Background: The possible effects of dietary fiber intake on hypertension have not been clarified fully. The association of dietary fiber intake with hypertension risk in midlife women was analyzed in this
study. Methods: Baseline data were obtained from the
Study of Women\'s Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Smooth curve, linear regression, and logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the associations of four indices of daily dietary estimate (DDE) of dietary fiber (dietary fiber intake, dietary fiber intake from beans, dietary fiber intake from vegetables/fruit, and dietary fiber intake from grains) with blood pressure in midlife women. For this research purpose, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg was defined as diastolic hypertension, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg was defined as systolic hypertension. Results: This
study included 2,519 participants with an average age of 46. The smooth curve showed approximate negative correlations between three fiber indices (DDE dietary fiber, DDE fiber from vegetables/fruit, and DDE fiber from grains) and blood pressure, including DBP and SBP (all P < 0.005). There were also approximate negative correlations between two fiber indices (DDE dietary fiber and DDE fiber from grains) and the risk of diastolic hypertension and systolic hypertension (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis suggested that DDE dietary fiber (Sβ = -0.057, 95% CI -0.194 - -0.012, P = 0.027), DDE fiber from vegetables/fruit (Sβ = -0.046, 95% CI -0.263 - -0.007, P = 0.039), and DDE fiber from grains (Sβ = -0.073, 95% CI -0.600 - -0.099, P = 0.006, Model 4) were still negatively correlated with DBP after adjusting for confounding factors. Only DDE fiber from grains was independently and negatively associated with SBP (Sβ = -0.060, 95% CI -0.846 - -0.093, P = 0.015) after these same confounding factors were adjusted for. Importantly, multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that only higher DDE fiber from grains was independently associated with a reduced risk of diastolic hypertension (OR = 0.848, 95% CI 0.770-0.934, P = 0.001, Model 4) and systolic hypertension (OR = 0.906, 95% CI 0.826-0.993, P = 0.034, Model 4) after the adjustments were made for confounding factors. Conclusions: We found that dietary fiber intake, especially DDE fiber from grains, contributes to a lower risk of systolic hypertension and diastolic hypertension in midlife women.