心血管疾病(CVDs)是全球死亡的主要原因,需要新的预防和管理方法。人的胃肠道拥有不同的微生物群,这对维持代谢稳态至关重要。有效益生菌的配方,单独或组合,由于它们对心血管和代谢疾病的影响,一直在讨论中。益生菌已被证明对心血管健康有积极影响。由于Firmicutes和拟杆菌对胆汁酸和胆固醇代谢的影响,因此存在的失衡与CVD的进展有关。益生菌主要有助于降低血浆低密度脂蛋白水平和减轻促炎标志物。这些有益微生物有助于降低胆固醇水平并产生必需的短链脂肪酸。调脂益生菌菌株对人类健康的影响是相当显著的。然而,只有少数已经测试了潜在的有益功效,关于菌株剂量存在歧义,与混杂因素的相互作用,和潜在的不利影响。因此,需要更全面的研究和随机试验来了解益生菌对CVD的作用机制,并确保人类健康.这篇综述评估了证据,并强调了菌株特异性益生菌在CVD管理中的作用。
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of global mortality and novel approaches for prevention and management are needed. The human gastrointestinal tract hosts a diverse microbiota that is crucial in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. The formulation of effective probiotics, alone or in combination, has been under discussion due to their impact on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Probiotics have been shown to impact cardiovascular health positively. An imbalance in the presence of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes has been linked to the progression of CVDs due to their impact on bile acid and cholesterol metabolism. The probiotics primarily help in the reduction of plasma low-density lipoprotein levels and attenuation of the proinflammatory markers. These beneficial microorganisms contribute to lowering cholesterol levels and produce essential short-chain fatty acids. The impact of lipid-regulating probiotic strains on human health is quite significant. However, only a few have been tested for potential beneficial efficacy, and ambiguity exists regarding strain dosages, interactions with confounding factors, and potential adverse effects. Hence, more comprehensive studies and randomized trials are needed to understand the mechanisms of probiotics on CVDs and to ensure human health. This
review assesses the evidence and highlights the roles of strain-specific probiotics in the management of CVDs.