本章的目的是评估怀孕期间二手烟的风险,并评估产前护理的益处。
使用Medline和Cochrane数据库以及国际学会的建议进行法语和英语的书目研究。
在家里和车里,二手烟的暴露程度似乎更高,对怀孕有潜在的后果,尤其是早产(NP3)。与不完全避免吸烟(NP4)相比,完全避免在家中吸烟显着减少了被动吸烟的暴露。来源越多,中毒越高(NP4)。与被动吸烟相关的主要危险因素是吸烟的配偶的存在。其他相关因素是家里或车里有吸烟者,年轻人口(<25岁),教育水平低,老吸烟(NP4)。被动吸烟与子宫内胎儿死亡的风险增加有关。胎儿畸形,早产和出生体重低于2500g(NP2)。不建议对所有孕妇进行具体管理。然而,在有漏洞的孕妇的特定人群中,为了减少被动吸烟对怀孕的影响(NP2),旨在教导他们与随行人员协商的行为方法可能是有益的.
建议妇女及其家人(尤其是配偶)创造无烟环境,尤其是在家里和车里(专业共识)。建议向孕妇随行人员提供最低数量的戒烟建议(专业共识)。
The objective of this chapter is to evaluate the risks of second-hand-smoke during pregnancy and to assess the benefits of antenatal care.
Bibliographical research in French and English using the Medline and Cochrane databases and the recommendations of international societies.
Exposure to second-hand smoke appears to be higher at home and in the car, with potential consequences for pregnancy, especially prematurity (NP3). Complete avoidance of smoking at home significantly reduces exposure to passive smoking compared to incomplete avoidance (NP4). The more numerous the sources, the higher the intoxication is (NP4). The major risk factor associated with passive smoking is the presence of a spouse who smokes. Other associated factors are the presence of a smoker at home or in the car, young population (<25 years), low level of education, old smoking (NP4). Passive smoking is associated with an increased risk of fetal death in utero, fetal malformations, prematurity and birth weight under 2500g (NP2). No specific management is recommended for all pregnant women. Nevertheless, in a specific population of pregnant women with vulnerabilities, a behavioral approach aimed at teaching them to negotiate with their entourage may be beneficial in order to reduce the effects of passive smoking on pregnancy (NP2).
It is recommended to advise women and their family (especially spouses) to create a smoke-free environment, especially at home and in the car (professional
consensus). It is recommended to provide a minimum amount of smoking cessation advice to pregnant women\'s entourage (professional
consensus).