了解被动骨骼肌力学对于定义骨骼肌的结构-功能关系并最终了解病理受损的肌肉至关重要。在这次系统审查中,我们使用PRISMA指南进行了详尽的文献检索,以量化被动肌肉机械特性,总结了用于创建这些数据的方法,并提出建议以规范未来的研究。我们筛选了7500多篇论文,发现80篇论文符合纳入标准。这些论文报道了16种物种和54种不同肌肉从单个肌肉纤维到整个肌肉的被动肌肉力学。我们发现样本选择的方法差异很大,准备,测试,和分析。系统综述显示,被动肌肉力学在哺乳动物中是物种和尺度依赖性的,被动力学随规模非线性增加。然而,对被动力学的详细了解仍不清楚,因为不同的方法阻碍了研究之间的比较,scales,物种,和肌肉。因此,我们建议:在测试之前,可以在存储解决方案中保持较小的刻度,当样品静态测试时,使用2-3分钟的弛豫时间,整个肌肉水平的应力正常化是生理横截面积,在可能的情况下,应变归一化为肌节长度,并使用指数方程来拟合数据。使用这些建议的其他研究将允许探索物种内部和跨物种的被动力的多尺度关系,以提供提高我们对被动肌肉力学的理解所需的基本知识。
Understanding passive skeletal muscle mechanics is critical in defining structure-function relationships in skeletal muscle and ultimately understanding pathologically impaired muscle. In this systematic
review, we performed an exhaustive literature search using PRISMA guidelines to quantify passive muscle mechanical properties, summarized the methods used to create these data, and make recommendations to standardize future studies. We screened over 7500 papers and found 80 papers that met the inclusion criteria. These papers reported passive muscle mechanics from single muscle fiber to whole muscle across 16 species and 54 distinct muscles. We found a wide range of methodological differences in sample selection, preparation, testing, and analysis. The systematic
review revealed that passive muscle mechanics is species and scale dependent-specifically within mammals, the passive mechanics increases non-linearly with scale. However, a detailed understanding of passive mechanics is still unclear because the varied methodologies impede comparisons across studies, scales, species, and muscles. Therefore, we recommend the following: smaller scales may be maintained within storage solution prior to testing, when samples are tested statically use 2-3 min of relaxation time, stress normalization at the whole muscle level be to physiologic cross-sectional area, strain normalization be to sarcomere length when possible, and an exponential equation be used to fit the data. Additional studies using these recommendations will allow exploration of the multiscale relationship of passive force within and across species to provide the fundamental knowledge needed to improve our understanding of passive muscle mechanics.