这项调查的目的是评估残留物水平,在两年的时间内,从中国主要产区收集的油菜样品中38种最常用农药的分布和暴露风险。采样区覆盖12个省,包括贵州,陕西,云南,湖南,江西,四川,重庆,安徽,河南,湖北,浙江,和江苏省。使用QuEChERS(QuickEasyCheapEffectiveRuggedandSafe)方法结合气相色谱-串联质谱法和液相色谱-串联质谱法测定农药残留。8.4%的油菜籽样品含有农药,残留水平为0.001至0.634mg/kg。检测的分析物是吡虫啉,quizalofop-P-乙基,噻虫嗪,多效唑,丙草胺,戊唑醇,苯醚甲环唑,s-异丙甲草胺,克百威,还有多菌灵.四种分析物的浓度,包括噻虫嗪,苯醚甲环唑,多菌灵和丙氯胺,超过了中国政府为油菜籽设定的最高残留水平,超标率为0.1%,0.1%,0.1%,1.1%,分别。根据残留物质量指数(IqR)值,总油菜籽样品的91.6%具有优异的IqR类别(IqR=0)。只有1.5%的测试样品质量不足。此外,慢性和急性暴露的评估,以及与油菜籽中农药残留相关的健康风险,是针对中国人口中的不同年龄段进行的,包括成年人(6-14岁),儿童(15-49岁)和老年人(50-74岁)。评估结果表明,中国种植的油菜籽中的农药残留预计不会对中国客户造成短期或长期风险。
The aim of this survey was to evaluate the residue levels, distribution and exposure risk of the 38 most commonly used pesticides in
rapeseed samples collected from the main production areas in China over a two-year period. The sampling area covered 12 provinces, including Guizhou, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu provinces. The pesticide residues were determined using a QuEChERS (Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe) method coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 8.4% of the
rapeseed samples contained pesticides with a residue level ranging from 0.001 to 0.634 mg/kg. The detected analytes were imidacloprid, quizalofop-P-ethyl, thiamethoxam, paclobutrazol, prochloraz, tebuconazole, difenoconazole, s-metolachlor, carbofuran, and carbendazim. The concentrations of four analytes, including thiamethoxam, difenoconazole, carbendazim and prochloraz, exceeded the maximum residue level set by the Chinese government for rapeseed, with exceedance rates of 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.1%, and 1.1%, respectively. Based on the index of quality for residues (IqR) values, 91.6% of the total
rapeseed samples had an IqR category of Excellent (IqR = 0). Only 1.5% of the tested samples were of inadequate quality. Furthermore, the assessment of chronic and acute exposure, as well as health risks associated with pesticide residues in
rapeseed, was conducted for different age groups within the Chinese population, including adults (6-14 years), children (15-49 years), and the elderly (50-74 years). The results of this assessment indicated that pesticide residues in
rapeseed cultivated in China are not expected to be of short- or long-term risks to the Chinese customers.