OBJECTIVE: Physical exercise improves physical and psychological health. However, information on the quantitative impact of Traditional Chinese Exercise (TCE) on physical and psychological health remains limited. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively explore the effects of TCE on the physical and psychological health of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted across seven electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang) from their inception to March 7, 2024 using the terms, Taiji, Tai Chi, Tai Chi Chuan, Qigong, Baduanjin, Wuqinxi, Yijinjing, multiple sclerosis, and disseminated sclerosis. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs reporting the effects of TCE on physical function or psychological health outcomes in MS patients were included. A random-effects model and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were used to compute the effect sizes.
RESULTS: Eleven studies, including 461 subjects with MS, were included in this meta-analysis. TCE significantly increased balance (d = 0.88, 95 % CI [0.45, 1.31], p < 0.001, I2 = 39.26 %), activities of daily living (d = 1.17, 95 % CI [0.30, 2.04], p < 0.001, I2 = 89.15 %), Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS) scores (d = 0.53, 95 % CI [0.12, 0.93], p = 0.01, I2 = 0 %), depression (d = 0.66, 95 % CI [0.003, 1.32], p = 0.049, I2 = 62.97 %), and Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scores (d = 1.30, 95 % CI [0.41, 2.18], p < 0.001, I2 = 0 %) compared with control conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests the efficacy of TCE in improving balance, activities of daily living, MSIS scores, depression, and ABC scores in MS patients. However, further high-quality research is warranted to investigate these findings.

BACKGROUND: Baduanjin was also called Eight Brocades (EB), a branch of Qigong exercise, is classified as a mild-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise. It has been theorized that regular practice of EB can alleviate anxiety and depression in patients undergoing chemotherapy; however, there are currently no comprehensive quantitative reviews on the efficacy of EB for this population. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to investigate the effects of EB on chemotherapy-treated patients.
METHODS: Eight electronic databases were searched from their inception until February 15, 2024, to identify relevant studies. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to filter the retrieved studies. Outcomes were various quantitative assessments. This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO Registry (registration number CRD42023466630).
RESULTS: Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met eligibility criteria (n = 704). The meta-analysis results demonstrated that EB significantly reduced levels of anxiety and depression. Subgroup analysis revealed that the intervention frequency of 1 time/day had a greater effect on the improvement of negative emotions, compared with 2 times/day and 5 times/week. The intervention duration of 4 weeks showed more efficacy in reducing depression scores than 12 weeks or 16 weeks; however, no statistical difference was observed for anxiety scores.
CONCLUSIONS: EB exercise can reduce depression and anxiety symptoms in chemotherapy-treated patients. However, the results should be interpreted with caution as existing methodological limitations. The findings provided insights into the development of public health initiatives to improve the negative emotion among chemotherapy-treated patients by EB exercise.

Cancer-associated cognitive deficits following chemotherapy have received increased attention in clinical research. Exercise has been shown to preserve cognitive function in cancer patients, though the overall effect is mixed. Here we present a scoping review of the published literature summarizing methods used to assess cognitive function in exercise oncology trials. Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL databases were searched using keywords \"cognition,\" \"cancer\" OR \"neoplasm\" OR \"tumor,\" \"chemotherapy\" and \"exercise\" OR \"physical activity.\" Studies eligible for inclusion include prospective studies that were published in English in peer-reviewed journals that include a method of assessing cognitive function in adult cancer patients, in which an exercise modality or method of quantifying exercise habits was evident. Studies were excluded if they included a pediatric population, patients that were not diagnosed with cancer, or were systematic/narrative/scoping reviews, protocol papers or dissertation/theses. Results: A total of 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, 29 unique assessments were used to evaluate cognitive function, including patient-reported outcomes (PROs; n = 8) and objective (n = 21) methods. More than half (n = 17) of included studies relied on PROs while 12 studies utilized objective measures of cognitive function Cognitive domains of the PROs were limited in scope, focusing on memory and attention/concentration while the objective measures were broader and inclusive of multiple domains. Conclusion: The results of this review indicate that mixed approaches to evaluating cognitive function in cancer patients pose a major limitation to understanding the role of exercise as an integrative approach. The evidence demonstrates a need for more uniform assessment of cognitive function in exercise oncology trials.

This systematic review was conducted to examine the effects of Tai Chi Qigong (TCQi) practices on health and their reflections on nursing practices. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials for TCQi included quantitative English-language studies from 2012 to 2021 using 7 electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Ebrary, Elsevier, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Scopus). Seven studies were selected to review the effects of TCQi exercise applied by nurses in the presence of symptoms that worsen the general health status of individuals or develop secondary to chronic diseases: sleep disturbance, depression, fatigue symptoms, deterioration in the quality of life, worsening of self-care behaviors, and stress symptoms. Evidence on the use of the TCQi practices is limited, and the proof of its preferability over other integrative methods in care practices by nurses is not at the desired level. Therefore, this systematic review emphasizes further research on the risks and benefits of TCQi practices as with other integrative methods, so that TCQi practices, which are easier to apply than other mind-body practices, can be preferred by nurses.

UNASSIGNED: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic condition characterized primarily by airflow obstruction, significantly impacting patients\' quality of life. Traditional mind-body exercises, as a non-pharmacological intervention for COPD, have become a new research focus.
UNASSIGNED: To assess the impact of traditional mind-body exercises (Tai Chi, Qigong, Yoga) on pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and quality of life in COPD patients. Additionally, to identify the most suitable form of traditional mind-body exercise for different indicators.
UNASSIGNED: Searches were conducted in databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCOhost, CNKI, etc., to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the intervention of traditional mind-body exercises (Tai Chi, Yoga, Qigong) in COPD. The Cochrane evaluation tool was applied for methodological quality assessment of the included literature. Statistical analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed using Revman 5.4 software, while publication bias was assessed using R software.
UNASSIGNED: This study included 23 studies with a total of 1862 participants. Traditional mind-body exercises improved patients\' FEV1% index (WMD = 4.61, 95%CI [2.99, 6.23]), 6-min walk distance (SMD = 0.83, 95%CI [0.55, 1.11]), and reduced patients\' SGRQ score (SMD = -0.79, 95%CI [-1.20, -0.38]) and CAT score (SMD = -0.79, 95%CI [-1.20, -0.38]). Qigong showed the most significant improvement in FEV1% and 6MWT, while Tai Chi primarily improved 6MWT, and the effect of Yoga was not significant. Sensitivity analysis indicated stable and reliable research conclusions.
UNASSIGNED: Traditional mind-body exercises are effective rehabilitation methods for COPD patients, significantly improving pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and quality of life. They are suitable as complementary interventions for standard COPD treatment.
UNASSIGNED: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display-record.php?ID=CRD42023495104], identifier [CRD42023495104].

OBJECTIVE: There exists a deficiency in a distinct understanding of the intervention effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) exercise therapies (Tai Chi, Yi Jin Jing, Ba Duan Jin, Liu Zi Jue, Qigong, Wu Qin Xi etc.) on cognitive function and its moderating variables in the elderly. This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of TCM exercise therapies on the cognitive function of the elderly and further propose the best exercise intervention programme to delay the cognitive decline of the elderly.
METHODS: PubMed, EBSCO host, Web of Science, EMbase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wan Fang databases were searched for the effects of TCM exercise therapies on the cognitive function in older adults until July 2022. A meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using Stata 12.0 software, with a subgroup analysis of seven moderating variables: subject type, intervention content, intervention duration, intervention frequency, intervention period, study type and sample size. A random effects model was used to combine the overall effect sizes and to test for heterogeneity and publication bias across studies.
RESULTS: A total of 20 publications with 1975 subjects were included. The TCM exercise therapies delayed cognitive decline in older adults (d = 0.83; 95 % CI [0.62-1.04]; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis found that intervention content, intervention duration, intervention frequency, and intervention period were significant moderating variables influencing the effectiveness of the intervention. Among them, the Ba Duan Jin intervention (d = 0.85; 95 % CI [0.65-1.06]; P < 0.001), the duration of each exercise session of 60 min or more (d = 0.86; 95 % CI [0.71-1.00]; P < 0.001), the frequency of exercise of more than 5 times per week (d = 0.80; 95 % CI [0.64-0.96]; P < 0.001) and exercise cycles of 6-9 months (d = 0.96; 95 % CI [0.80-1.12]; P < 0.001) produced the largest effect sizes.
CONCLUSIONS: TCM exercise therapies can effectively improve the cognitive function of the elderly. The best effect on the cognitive function of the elderly was achieved by choosing Ba Duan Jin and exercising at least five times a week for at least 60 min each time for a total of 6-9 months. The effect size of the TCM exercise therapy interventions on the cognitive function in older adults may be overestimated because of publication bias. In addition, large-sample, multicenter, high-quality randomised controlled trials should be conducted to validate this result.

UNASSIGNED: Amidst the ongoing global impact of COVID-19 on public health, there is an increasing focus on holistic strategies encompassing integrative therapies and rehabilitation techniques, particularly in addressing the challenges posed by Long-COVID-19. This review investigates the potential of Qigong, an ancient Chinese practice characterized by gentle movements, controlled breathing, and meditative elements, within the context of COVID-19.
UNASSIGNED: A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted to identify pertinent clinical studies.
UNASSIGNED: Following thorough database scrutiny, nine studies were identified as meeting the eligibility criteria. Across the spectrum of COVID-19 severity, individuals engaging in qigong practice exhibited notable enhancements in both physical and psychological wellbeing, evidenced by ameliorated respiratory symptoms, reduced anxiety levels, enhanced sleep quality, bolstered mental wellbeing, and augmented health-related quality of life. Moreover, qigong training, whether employed independently or in conjunction with other therapies, demonstrated beneficial effects on Long-COVID-19 symptoms, encompassing persistent respiratory issues, dizziness, sleep disturbances, and compromised health-related quality of life.
UNASSIGNED: This review underscores the necessity for further investigation to quantify and standardize the contribution of Qigong to COVID-19 recovery and rehabilitation. Such endeavors aim to integrate this accessible and low-impact practice into public health strategies and comprehensive treatment regimens.
UNASSIGNED: The review protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework under the following doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/7K5X6 (URL: https://osf.io/7k5x6).

OBJECTIVE: We expand on prior systematic reviews of Tai chi/Qigong (TCQ) practice on depression or anxiety symptoms in adults with cancer to estimate the mean effect of TCQ on depression and anxiety in randomized controlled trials. Additionally, we perform moderator analysis to examine whether effects vary based on patient features, TCQ stimuli properties, or characteristics of research design.
METHODS: Guided by PRISMA guidelines, we located articles published before August 31, 2023 using a combination of electronic database search and a complementary manual search through reference lists of articles and published reviews. Two separate multilevel meta-analyses with random-effects model were employed to estimate the overall effect of TCQ on depression and anxiety respectively. Further, multilevel meta-regression analysis was utilized to examine moderating effects based on moderators derived from patient features, TCQ stimuli properties, or characteristics associated with research design. Meta-analyses were performed in R4.0.0 and certainty of evidence with GRADEpro software.
RESULTS: The TCQ intervention yielded a standardized mean effect size of 0.29 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.40) for anxiety, indicating homogeneity among the included studies. Conversely, for depression, the standardized mean effect size was 0.35 (95% CI, 0.14 to 0.55), signifying heterogeneity: reductions were larger when the trial primary outcome, predominantly function-related outcomes, changed significantly between the TCQ and control group.
CONCLUSIONS: TCQ practice exhibits small-to-moderate efficacy in alleviating depression and anxiety symptoms among cancer patients and survivors. Moreover, patients with depressive symptoms for whom TCQ intervention coupled with improvements in function-related outcomes manifested greater antidepressant effect.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) adversely affects both young and old and is a growing public health concern. The common functional, psychological, and cognitive changes associated with TBI and recent trends in its management, such as recommending sub-threshold aerobic activity, and multi-modal treatment strategies including vestibular rehabilitation, suggest that Tai Chi/Qigong could be beneficial for TBI. Tai Chi and Qigong are aerobic mind-body practices with known benefits for maintaining health and mitigating chronic disease. To date, no systematic review has been published assessing the safety and effectiveness of Tai Chi/Qigong for traumatic injury.
METHODS: The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, CINAHL Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. All people with mild, moderate, or severe TBI who were inpatients or outpatients were included. All Types of Tai Chi and Qigong, and all comparators, were included. All measured outcomes were included. A priori, we chose \"return to usual activities\" as the primary outcome measure as it was patient-oriented. Cochrane-based risk of bias assessments were conducted on all included trials. Quality of evidence was assessed using the grading of recommendation, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) system.
RESULTS: Five trials were assessed; three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two non-RCTs; only two trials were conducted in the last 5 years. No trial measured \"return to normal activities\" or vestibular status as an outcome. Four trials - two RCTs and two non-RCTS - all found Tai Chi improved functional, psychological and/or cognitive outcomes. One RCT had a low risk of bias and a high level of certainty; one had some concerns. One non-RCTs had a moderate risk of bias and the other a serious risk of bias. The one Qigong RCT found improved psychological outcomes. It had a low risk of bias and a moderate level of certainty. Only one trial reported on adverse events and found that none were experienced by either the exercise or control group.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the consistent finding of benefit in the four Tai Chi trials, including one RCT that had a high level of certainty, there is a sufficient signal to merit conducting a large, high quality multi-centre trial on Tai Chi for TBI and test it against current trends in TBI management. Based on the one RCT on TBI and Qigong, an additional confirmatory RCT is indicated. Further research is indicated that reflects current management strategies and includes adverse event documentation in both the intervention and control groups. However, these findings suggest that, in addition to Tai Chi\'s known health promotion and chronic disease mitigation benefits, its use for the treatment of injury, such as TBI, is potentially a new frontier.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO [ CRD42022364385 ].

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable yet widespread and profoundly debilitating respiratory condition, exerting substantial personal and global health ramifications alongside significant economic implications. The first objective of this literature review was to identify reviews the barriers to optimal COPD care, categorizing them into personal patient factors, professional awareness and knowledge, patient-professional relationships, and healthcare service models, including access to care that significantly impacts the quality of COPD management. The second objective was to introduce three approaches for enhancing COPD care outcomes: Self-Management Educational Programs, Health Qigong, and Telehealth service provision, each demonstrating positive effects on COPD patients\' health status. These evidence-based interventions offer promising avenues for enhancing COPD care and patient outcomes. Integrating these approaches into comprehensive COPD management strategies holds potential for improving the well-being and quality of life of individuals living with this chronic condition.