在这项研究中,热点区域,QTL簇,和玉米八个与穗相关性状的候选基因(穗长,耳径,内核行号,每行的内核数,内核长度,内核宽度,籽粒厚度,和100内核重量)在过去的三十年中进行了总结和分析。这篇综述旨在(1)全面总结和分析与这八个与穗相关性状相关的QTL的先前研究,并确定位于玉米染色体上的热点bin区域和与穗相关性状相关的关键候选基因;(2)从各种作图群体和作图方法和技术中汇编主要和稳定的QTL和QTL簇,为精细作图提供有价值的见解,基因克隆,高产优质玉米育种。先前的研究表明,与耳朵相关的性状的QTL分布在玉米的所有十条染色体上,单个QTL解释的表型变异范围为0.40%至36.76%。总的来说,在所有十条染色体上鉴定了23个与耳朵相关性状的QTL热点箱。最突出的热点区域是4号染色体上的bin4.08,具有与8个耳朵相关性状相关的15个QTL。此外,这项研究确定了48个与耳朵相关性状相关的候选基因。在这些中,五个已经被克隆和验证,本研究定义了位于QTL热点的28个候选基因。这篇综述提供了对QTL作图的进展以及与八个耳朵相关性状相关的关键候选物的识别的更深入的了解。这些见解无疑将有助于玉米育种者制定开发高产玉米品种的策略,为全球粮食安全做出贡献。
In this study, hotspot regions, QTL clusters, and candidate genes for eight ear-related traits of maize (ear length, ear diameter, kernel row number, kernel number per row, kernel length, kernel width, kernel thickness, and 100-kernel weight) were summarized and analyzed over the past three decades. This
review aims to (1) comprehensively summarize and analyze previous studies on QTLs associated with these eight ear-related traits and identify hotspot bin regions located on maize chromosomes and key candidate genes associated with the ear-related traits and (2) compile major and stable QTLs and QTL clusters from various mapping populations and mapping methods and techniques providing valuable insights for fine mapping, gene cloning, and breeding for high-yield and high-quality maize. Previous research has demonstrated that QTLs for ear-related traits are distributed across all ten chromosomes in maize, and the phenotypic variation explained by a single QTL ranged from 0.40% to 36.76%. In total, 23 QTL hotspot bins for ear-related traits were identified across all ten chromosomes. The most prominent hotspot region is bin 4.08 on chromosome 4 with 15 QTLs related to eight ear-related traits. Additionally, this study identified 48 candidate genes associated with ear-related traits. Out of these, five have been cloned and validated, while twenty-eight candidate genes located in the QTL hotspots were defined by this study. This
review offers a deeper understanding of the advancements in QTL mapping and the identification of key candidates associated with eight ear-related traits. These insights will undoubtedly assist maize breeders in formulating strategies to develop higher-yield maize varieties, contributing to global food security.