丝状微生物是有机酸的主要生产者,酶,和药物试剂如抗生素和其他活性药物成分。它们复杂的细胞形态,从分散的菌丝体到致密的颗粒,种植是具有挑战性的。近年来,背景技术已经开发了用于丝状微生物的定制细胞形态的各种技术以增加产物形成,并且已经在术语形态学工程下进行了总结。这些技术,即微粒强化培养,大颗粒强化栽培,通过添加无机盐改变培养基的渗透压,盐强化栽培,在这篇综述中进行了介绍和讨论。这些技术已经被证明是有用的,现在正在等待进一步的概念验证。此外,单个颗粒的力学行为对于一般理解颗粒力学和丝状微生物的生物技术过程的生产率具有特殊的意义。将它们与底物吸收以及最终与生产率相关联,对于丝状系统的全面表征而言,将是不可低估的突破。到目前为止,这一研究领域代表性不足。讨论了丝状颗粒力学的第一个结果,以及重要的未来方面,丝状专家社区应该处理的问题,将被提出并批判性地讨论。
Filamentous microorganisms are main producers of organic acids, enzymes, and pharmaceutical agents such as antibiotics and other active pharmaceutical ingredients. With their complex cell morphology, ranging from dispersed mycelia to dense pellets, the cultivation is challenging. In recent years, various techniques for tailor-made cell morphologies of filamentous microorganisms have been developed to increase product formation and have been summarised under the term morphology engineering. These techniques, namely microparticle-enhanced cultivation, macroparticle-enhanced cultivation, and alteration of the osmolality of the culture medium by addition of inorganic salts, the salt-enhanced cultivation, are presented and discussed in this
review. These techniques have already proven to be useful and now await further proof-of-concept. Furthermore, the mechanical behaviour of individual pellets is of special interest for a general understanding of
pellet mechanics and the productivity of biotechnological processes with filamentous microorganisms. Correlating them with substrate uptake and finally with productivity would be a breakthrough not to be underestimated for the comprehensive characterisation of filamentous systems. So far, this research field is under-represented. First results on filamentous
pellet mechanics are discussed and important future aspects, which the filamentous expert community should deal with, will be presented and critically discussed.