猴痘,一种罕见但严重的人畜共患和正痘病毒病,由于其在人与人之间传播的潜力以及最近在欧洲多个国家的复兴,引起了越来越多的关注,北美,和大洋洲。这种疾病已成为对全球卫生系统的新威胁,这些卫生系统仍在努力从COVID-19大流行的重大冲击中恢复过来。这种疾病的不寻常表现突出了巨大的知识不足,需要立即制定公共卫生行动战略,考虑到在正在进行的疫情中观察到的流行病学差异以及在非流行国家出现的病例。这篇文献综述旨在综合现有的猴痘知识,涵盖了它的历史背景,病因学,流行病学,监视,预防,传输,临床表现,诊断,治疗,以及最近的爆发。特别注意我们对猴痘的理解的进步和差距,我们指出了与疫苗开发和分销有关的研究和干预工作的未来方向。最后,我们还将从社会政治角度审查最近的疫情,因为这与决策策略有关,特别是考虑到从COVID-19中吸取的教训。
Monkeypox, a rare but significant zoonotic and orthopoxviral disease, has garnered increasing attention due to its potential for human-to-human transmission and its recent resurgence in multiple countries throughout Europe, North America, and Oceania. The disease has emerged as a novel threat to the global health systems that are still striving to recover from the major shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic. The unusual manifestation of the illness highlights a substantial knowledge deficit and necessitates the immediate development of a public health action strategy, considering the epidemiological differences observed in the ongoing outbreak and the appearance of cases in non-endemic nations. This literature
review aims to synthesize existing knowledge on monkeypox, encompassing its historical context, etiology, epidemiology, surveillance, prevention, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatments, and recent outbreak. Particular attention is given to both advances and gaps in our understanding of monkeypox, and we point toward future directions for research and intervention efforts as pertains to vaccine development and distribution. Lastly, we will also
review the recent outbreak through a sociopolitical lens as relates to decision-making strategies, especially given the lessons learned from COVID-19.