茶园会引起强烈的土壤退化,例如酸化,基本养分减少和微生物多样性丧失,自然地通过其根系活性和几乎巨大的合成N输入来产生。有机修正剂的应用被认为是减轻上述不利后果的实用方法。然而,农艺和环境效应对有机改良剂应用的权衡仍在争论中。在这里,我们用四种治疗方法进行了长期的现场实验,包括对照(不含肥料)(CK),化学肥料处理(CF),以鸡粪处理(CM)和鸡粪结合生物炭处理(CMB)研究有机改良剂施用对土壤质量的影响,茶园的重金属污染和茶叶生产。共有16个地块以完全随机的设计随机排列。结果表明,CM和CMB处理提高了土壤养分,与CF处理相比,减轻了土壤酸化并改善了土壤孔隙度。CMB处理在连续三年的监测中显示出相对较高的茶叶产量和质量。然而,CM和CMB处理提高了重金属(HM)潜在生态风险(RI)和内梅罗综合指数(Ps)。CM治疗显着增加可用As,Pb,与CF处理相比,Cu和Zn浓度,而CMB处理显着降低了有效Cr和Cu浓度,并略微降低了有效Cd,与CM处理相比,Pb和Ni浓度。但是与CM处理相比,CMB处理中可用As和Zn的增加也表明添加生物炭的不利影响。PLS-PM模型显示HM风险对茶叶品质有直接的负面影响。此外,土壤真菌群落对茶叶产量有正向影响,对茶叶品质有负向影响。总的来说,我们的研究证明CMB处理可以改善土壤质量,降低可用的Cr和Ni浓度,保持茶叶产量,提高茶叶品质。
Tea plantation can cause strong soil degradation, e.g. acidification, basic nutrient decrease and microbial diversity loss, naturally by its root activity and secondary by practically tremendous synthetic N input. Organic amendments application is considered a practical way to mitigate the above adverse consequence. However, the trade-off between agronomic and environmental effects on the application of the organic amendments is still under debate. Herein, we conducted a long-term field experiment with four treatments, including control (without and fertiliser) (CK), chemical fertiliser treatment (CF), chicken manure treatment (CM) and chicken manure combined with biochar treatment (CMB) to investigate the effects of organic amendments application on soil quality, heavy metal contamination and tea production in a tea plantation. Totally 16 plots were arranged randomly with a completely randomised design. The results showed that CM and CMB treatments improved soil nutrient, mitigated soil acidification and ameliorated soil porosity compared to CF treatment. CMB treatment displayed a relatively high tea yield and quality in three consecutive years of monitoring. However, CM and CMB treatments elevated the heavy metal (HM) potential ecological risk (RI) and Nemerow\'s composite index (Ps). CM treatment significantly increased available As, Pb, Cu and Zn concentrations compared to CF treatment, while CMB treatment significantly decreased available Cr and Cu concentrations and slightly decreased available Cd, Pb and Ni concentrations compared to CM treatment. But the increase of available As and Zn in CMB treatment compared to CM treatment also indicated adverse effects of biochar addition. The PLS-PM model showed HM risk had direct negative effects on tea quality. Moreover, soil fungal community revealed positive effects on tea yield and negative effects on tea quality. Overall, our
study proved that CMB treatment could improve soil quality, reduce available Cr and Ni concentrations, maintain tea yield and increase tea quality.