有机改良剂是农业土壤中一氧化二氮(N2O)排放的重要来源。2020年,施用于日本农业土壤的有机改良剂中的氮总量(440ktN)大于合成肥料(374ktN)。然而,通过使用特定国家/地区的N2O排放因子(EF)估算了有机改良剂的N2O排放量(稻田为0.31%,茶叶占2.9%,其他作物为0.62%)在日本的国家温室气体清单报告中。因此,我们在日本12个不同的试验地点进行了N2O通量测量活动,以估算日本主要有机改良剂的肥料诱导的N2OEFs,也就是说,家禽粪便堆肥,猪粪堆肥,牛粪堆肥,和有机肥料颗粒。此外,我们对N2O排放和有机修正的EF进行了系统审查,包括来自我们的测量活动的数据和来自日本同行评审论文的发表数据。最终的数据集,包括现场测量活动和公布的数据,在29个地点进行了404次观测(包括合成肥料和零氮控制)。结果表明,土壤类型影响EF,也就是说,安多索尔的平均EF低于非安多索尔,这类似于合成肥料的EF。家禽粪便堆肥的平均EF,猪粪堆肥,牛粪(堆肥和泥浆),非动物粪肥有机肥为0.83%(不确定度范围为第2.5百分位和第97.5百分位数:0.09%至3.46%),0.70%(0.02%至2.45%),0.39%(0.00%至1.62%),和1.16%(0.41%至3.03%),分别,按土壤类型的面积加权时。所有有机改良剂的平均EF为0.84%(0.00%至2.91%),当考虑到日本使用的土壤类型和有机改良剂的面积时。我们的研究提供了针对特定国家的EF,以估算日本有机改良剂的N2O排放量。
Organic amendments are important sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural soils. In 2020, the total amount of N in organic amendments applied to Japanese agricultural soils (440 ktN) was larger than that of synthetic fertilizer (374 ktN). However, N2O emissions from organic amendments were estimated by using the country-specific N2O emission factor (EF) for synthetic fertilizer (0.31 % for rice paddy, 2.9 % for tea, and 0.62 % for other crops) in the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of Japan. Thus, we conducted a N2O flux measurement campaign at 12 different experimental sites across Japan to estimate fertilizer-induced N2O EFs for major organic amendments in Japan, that is, poultry manure compost, swine manure compost, cattle manure compost, and organic fertilizer pellets. In addition, we conducted systematic
review of N2O emissions and EFs for organic amendments, including data from our measurement campaign and published data from peer-reviewed papers in Japan. The final dataset, including the field measurement campaign and published data, resulted in 404 observations (including synthetic fertilizer and zero-N control) in 29 sites. Results showed that soil type affected EFs, that is, the mean EF of Andosols was lower than that of non-Andosols, which is similar to the case of EFs for synthetic fertilizer. Mean EFs for poultry manure compost, swine manure compost, cattle manure (compost and slurry), and non-animal manure organic fertilizers were 0.83 % (uncertainty range of 2.5th and 97.5th percentile: 0.09 % to 3.46 %), 0.70 % (0.02 % to 2.45 %), 0.39 % (0.00 % to 1.62 %), and 1.16 % (0.41 % to 3.03 %), respectively, when weighted by area of soil types. The mean EF of all organic amendments was 0.84 % (0.00 % to 2.91 %), when the area of soil type and amount of organic amendment used in Japan were considered. Our study provides country-specific EFs to estimate N2O emission from organic amendments in Japan.