背景:发展中国家的人畜共患疾病负担被大大低估了,受误诊等各种因素的影响,漏报,自然灾害,气候变化,资源限制,快速无计划的城市化,贫穷,动物迁徙,旅行,生态旅游,以及该地区普遍存在的热带环境条件。尽管斯里兰卡提供了公共资助的免费医疗保健系统,人畜共患病仍然是该国传染病负担的重要原因。这项研究是对斯里兰卡过去22年报告的人畜共患病的及时和详尽的系统回顾。材料和方法:本系统评价遵循“系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目”(PRISMA)声明提供的指南。2022年7月至9月进行了系统的文献检索,利用以下数据库和来源:谷歌学者,PubMed,科克伦图书馆,每周流行病学报告,卫生部发布的狂犬病统计公报,斯里兰卡。结果:从最初的数据库搜索,确定了1,710篇文章。在排除非人畜共患疾病之后,重复的报告,无法访问的文章,那些不符合纳入标准的人,对570份报告进行了资格评估。其中,选择91份报告进行数据提取,包含58篇原创研究文章,10例病例报告,16个每周流行病学报告,和7份狂犬病统计公告。在研究期间(2000-2022年),14寄生,7细菌,斯里兰卡报告了7种病毒性人畜共患病。值得注意的是,钩端螺旋体病是该国报道最多的人畜共患疾病。结论:针对这些发现,我们强烈建议实施量身定制的,针对特定国家的预防和控制计划。为了有效地实现这一目标,我们强调采取针对特定国家的“一个健康”方法作为管理和控制斯里兰卡人畜共患疾病的综合框架的重要性。
Background: The burden of zoonotic diseases in developing countries is significantly underestimated, influenced by various factors such as misdiagnosis, underreporting, natural disasters, climate change, resource limitations, rapid unplanned urbanization, poverty, animal migration, travel, ecotourism, and the tropical environmental conditions prevalent in the region. Despite Sri Lanka\'s provision of a publicly funded free health care system, zoonoses still contribute significantly to the burden of communicable diseases in the country. This study serves as a timely and exhaustive systematic
review of zoonoses reported over the past 22 years in Sri Lanka. Materials and Methods: This systematic
review adhered to the guidelines provided by the \"Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses\" (PRISMA) statement. A systematic literature search was conducted between July and September 2022, utilizing the following databases and sources: Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Weekly Epidemiological Reports, and Rabies Statistical Bulletins published by the Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka. Results: From the initial database search, 1,710 articles were identified. After excluding nonzoonotic diseases, duplicated reports, inaccessible articles, and those not meeting the inclusion criteria, 570 reports were evaluated for eligibility. Of these, 91 reports were selected for data extraction, comprising 58 original research articles, 10 case reports, 16 weekly epidemiological reports, and 7 rabies statistical bulletins. Over the study period (2000-2022), 14 parasitic, 7 bacterial, and 7 viral zoonoses have been reported in Sri Lanka. Notably, leptospirosis emerged as the most reported zoonotic disease in the country. Conclusions: In response to these findings, we strongly recommend the implementation of a tailored, country-specific prevention and control program. To achieve this goal effectively, we emphasize the importance of adopting a country-specific \"One Health\" approach as a comprehensive framework for managing and controlling zoonotic diseases in Sri Lanka.