背景:学校环境方面,比如学校依恋水平,与青少年犯罪有关。先前的研究尚未阐明改善学生学校依恋和承诺的学校或个人干预方法是否最有可能减少青少年犯罪。
目的:本研究评估了14-16岁的个人和学校层面变量对冒犯行为的影响。
方法:参与者是来自42所主流学校的4,049名年轻人,他们参加了贝尔法斯特青年发展研究。
方法:使用多水平模型来检查个体和学校水平变量对青春期冒犯行为的相对影响。
结果:在13岁时对学校的投入和依恋程度较高,打架次数较少的学生在14岁时的冒犯程度较低。学校之间的差异占冒犯差异的7%。如果学校的精神承诺较高,则较低的个人承诺与14岁时较高的初始冒犯水平相关。学校一级缺乏安全似乎对没有遭受社会经济剥夺的年轻人有害。
结论:个体层面的有针对性的干预措施可能是减少青春期冒犯行为的更具成本效益的方法。额外,虽然较小,可以通过某些学校类型的学校层面干预来降低违规水平(例如,贫困地区)。
BACKGROUND: Aspects of the school environment, such as school attachment levels, are linked to adolescent
offending. Previous research has not clarified whether a school- or individual-level intervention approach to improving pupil school attachment and commitment is most likely to reduce adolescent offending.
OBJECTIVE: The present
study assessed the impact of individual- and school-level variables on
offending behaviour from ages 14-16 years.
METHODS: The participants were 4,049 young people from 42 mainstream schools who took part in the Belfast Youth Development
Study.
METHODS: Multilevel modelling was used to examine the relative influence of individual- and school-level variables on offending behaviour in adolescence.
RESULTS: Pupils who had high levels of school commitment and attachment and were involved in fewer fights at age 13 reported lower levels of offending at age 14 years. Differences between schools accounted for 7% of the variation in
offending. Lower individual-level commitment was associated with higher initial levels of offending at age 14 if the school-level ethos was of higher commitment. Lack of safety at the school level appeared to be detrimental for young people not exposed to socio-economic deprivation.
CONCLUSIONS: Individual-level targeted interventions are likely to be a more cost-effective approach of reducing offending behaviour in adolescence. Additional, albeit smaller, reductions in offending levels could be achieved through school-level interventions in some school types (e.g., deprived areas).