目的:确定男女护士对外科口罩和过滤式呼吸器的符合性和符合美国工业卫生协会(AIHA)和职业安全与健康管理局(OSHA)要求的因素。
方法:2016年至2019年进行的病例对照性别研究。
方法:对74名护士进行性别和年龄匹配的配对样本,分为男性(n=37)和女性(n=37)。通过Mann-WhitneyU测试,比较了男女护士之间的FFP3过滤呼吸器和外科口罩的适合性因素。根据OSHA(≥100)和AIHA(≥50)标准,通过Fisher精确检验以95%的置信区间测试这些测量是否通过或失败。
结果:佩戴外科口罩的男性和女性护士的整体拟合因子平均值(标准偏差)分别为2.86(2.73)和3.55(6.34)(p=.180),分别,没有人通过OSHA和AIHA标准(p=1.00)。然而,佩戴FFP3呼吸器的男护士和女护士的整体拟合系数分别为30.82(28.42)和49.65(43.04),分别,男护士明显较低和较差(p=0.037)。根据OSHA标准,只有2.70%和13.51%的男女护士,分别,通过无显著差异(p=0.199),男女护士分别占21.62%和48.64%,分别,通过AIHA标准,显示佩戴FFP3呼吸器的显着差异(p=.027)。
结论:所有戴口罩的男女护士均未通过OSHA和AIHA标准。拟议的FFP3过滤呼吸器的整体拟合因子降低,男性护士比女性护士差。
结论:我们的建议是避免将外科口罩用于防护目的,并在护士中使用建议的FFP3过滤呼吸器。每个护士都应该对自己的呼吸器进行适合性测试,特别注意男护士,因为他们的适合系数较低,而且大多数人都未能通过OSHA和AIHA标准,特别是在COVID-19大流行期间。
OBJECTIVE: To determine the fit factor and compliance with American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements of surgical masks and filtering respirators in male versus female nurses.
METHODS: A
case-control gender study performed from 2016 to 2019.
METHODS: A gender and age matched-paired sample of 74 nurses was recruited and divided into men (n = 37) and women (n = 37). FFP3 filtering respirators and surgical masks fit factors were compared between male and female nurses by Mann-Whitney U tests. These measurements were tested to pass or fail according to the OSHA (≥100) and AIHA (≥50) criteria by Fisher exact tests for a 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS: Global fit factor mean (standard deviation) was 2.86 (2.73) and 3.55 (6.34) for male and female nurses wearing surgical masks (p = .180), respectively, and nobody passed neither OSHA nor AIHA criteria (p = 1.00). Nevertheless, global fit factor were 30.82 (28.42) and 49.65 (43.04) for male and female nurses wearing FFP3 respirators, respectively, being significantly lower and worse in male nurses (p = .037). According to OSHA criteria, only 2.70% and 13.51% of male and females nurses, respectively, passed with non-significant difference (p = .199), meanwhile 21.62% and 48.64% of male and female nurses, respectively, passed AIHA criteria showing significant differences (p = .027) wearing FFP3 respirators.
CONCLUSIONS: All male and female nurses wearing surgical masks failed to pass OSHA and AIHA criteria. Global fit factor of the proposed FFP3 filtering respirators was decreased and worse in male than female nurses.
CONCLUSIONS: Our recommendation is to avoid surgical masks use for protective purposes and use the proposed FFP3 filtering respirators among nurses. Each nurse should be fit tested for its own respirator with special caution in male nurses due to their lower fit factor achieved and most of them failed to pass OSHA and AIHA criteria, especially during COVID-19 pandemic.