猴痘是一种人畜共患疾病。自从1970年发现第一例人类猴痘病例以来,它在非洲中部和西部的一些国家一直很普遍。自2022年5月以来,在全球96多个非地方病国家和地区报告了猴痘病例。截至2022年9月14日,已有58,200多例人类猴痘病例,还有社区传播。1980年停止了天花疫苗接种,这与猴痘有一些交叉保护作用,导致对猴痘缺乏免疫力,这引起了全球的关注和警惕。截至2022年9月14日,中国有4例猴痘病例,其中三个在台湾省,一个在香港。以前的国外研究表明,儿童容易患猴痘,并且也有很高的严重疾病或并发症的风险。为了提高儿科医生对猴痘的认识并实现早期发现,早期诊断,早期治疗,和早期处置,我们组织了全国权威儿科感染专家,呼吸,皮肤病学,重症监护医学,传染病,以及公共卫生和其他方面来制定这个专家共识,根据世界卫生组织最新发布的“猴痘的临床管理和感染预防与控制”,中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会发布的《猴痘诊疗指南(2022版)》等相关文件。在这种共识的发展过程中,多学科专家多次论证病因,流行病学,传输,临床表现,实验室检查,诊断,鉴别诊断,治疗,排放标准,预防,处置过程,以及可疑和确诊病例的预防和控制要点。
Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease. Since the first human monkeypox case was detected in 1970, it has been prevalent in some countries in central and western Africa. Since May 2022, monkeypox cases have been reported in more than 96 non-endemic countries and regions worldwide. As of September 14, 2022, there have been more than 58,200 human monkeypox cases, and there is community transmission. The cessation of smallpox vaccination in 1980, which had some cross-protection with monkeypox, resulted in a general lack of immunity to monkeypox, which caused global concern and vigilance. As of September 14, 2022, there are four monkeypox cases in China, including three in Taiwan province and one in Hong Kong city. Previous foreign studies have shown that children are vulnerable to monkeypox and are also at high risk for severe disease or complications. In order to improve pediatricians\' understanding of monkeypox and achieve early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment, and early disposal, we have organized national authoritative experts in pediatric infection, respiratory, dermatology, critical care medicine, infectious diseases, and public health and others to formulate this expert
consensus, on the basis of the latest \"Clinical management and infection prevention and control for monkeypox\" released by The World Health Organization, the \"
guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of monkeypox (version 2022)\" issued by National Health Commission of the People\'s Republic of China and other relevant documents. During the development of this
consensus, multidisciplinary experts have repeatedly demonstrated the etiology, epidemiology, transmission, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, discharge criteria, prevention, disposal process, and key points of prevention and control of suspected and confirmed cases.