水牛(Bubalusbubalis),也被称为亚洲水牛,是一个必不可少的家庭BOVID。的确,尽管其世界人口(约2.09亿头)约为牛的九分之一,与饲养牛相比,该物种的管理涉及更大的人口。与牛相比,水牛已经被研究了很多年,但是对这个物种的兴趣一直在增加,特别是考虑到这些牛的世界人口每年都在增长,尤其是水牛。全世界有两个属的水牛:Syncerus(来自非洲大陆),和Bubalus(来自亚洲西南部大陆,地中海地区,美国南部,和澳大利亚)。属于这两个属的所有物种都具有特定的染色体数目和形状。由于这些特点,染色体的研究是区分水牛各种物种(和杂种)并在进化中表征其核型的迷人生物学基础,临床,和分子研究。在这次审查中,我们报告了基本细胞遗传学研究的最新情况,其中描述了各种水牛物种的进化,临床,和分子观点-特别是考虑到水牛河(Bubalusbubalis2n=50)。此外,我们展示了沼泽水牛染色体的新数据。
The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), also known as the Asian buffalo, is an essential domestic bovid. Indeed, although its world population (~209 million heads) is approximately one-ninth that of cattle, the management of this species involves a larger human population than that involved with raising cattle. Compared with cattle, water buffalo have been understudied for many years, but interest in this species has been increasing, especially considering that the world population of these bovids grows every year-particularly that of the river buffalo. There are two genera of buffalo worldwide: the Syncerus (from the African continent), and the Bubalus (from the southwest Asian continent, Mediterranean area, southern America, and Australia). All species belonging to these two genera have specific chromosome numbers and shapes. Because of such features, the study of chromosomes is a fascinating biological basis for differentiating various species (and hybrids) of buffaloes and characterizing their karyotypes in evolutionary, clinical, and molecular studies. In this
review, we report an update on essential cytogenetic studies in which various buffalo species were described from evolutionary, clinical, and molecular perspectives-particularly considering the river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis 2n = 50). In addition, we show new data on swamp buffalo chromosomes.