Malaria is an infectious disease caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium spp. It is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. It is the most common disease in resource-poor settings, with 241 million malaria cases reported in 2020 according to the World Health Organization. Optical microscopy examination of blood smears is the gold standard technique for malaria diagnosis; however, it is a time-consuming method and a well-trained microscopist is needed to perform the microbiological diagnosis. New techniques based on digital imaging analysis by deep learning and artificial intelligence methods are a challenging alternative tool for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. In particular, systems based on Convolutional Neural Networks for image detection of the malaria parasites emulate the microscopy visualization of an expert. Microscope automation provides a fast and low-cost diagnosis, requiring less supervision. Smartphones are a suitable option for microscopic diagnosis, allowing image capture and software identification of parasites. In addition, image analysis techniques could be a fast and optimal solution for the diagnosis of malaria, tuberculosis, or Neglected Tropical Diseases in endemic areas with low resources. The implementation of automated diagnosis by using smartphone applications and new digital imaging technologies in low-income areas is a challenge to achieve. Moreover, automating the movement of the microscope slide and image autofocusing of the samples by hardware implementation would systemize the procedure. These new diagnostic tools would join the global effort to fight against pandemic malaria and other infectious and poverty-related diseases.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to establish appropriate review criteria for blood cell analysis in a specialized women\'s and children\'s hospital. Also, the CellaVision DI-60, was developed as one of the automated digital cell morphology analyzer, we evaluated if it was shown to be most effective under the certain review criteria.
METHODS: A total of 2890 blood samples were detected to optimize the previously established review criteria for women and children with the Sysmex XE-2100. A total of 623 samples were used to validate the criteria.
RESULTS: The microscopic-review rate based on the initial review criteria was 51.0%. After optimization, it was reduced to 17.3% and the false-negative rate was 3.85%. There was > 80% consistency between manual review results and CellaVision DI-60 preclassification when samples triggered the platelet- or red cell-related rules. The sensitivity for abnormalities (immature granulocytes, nucleated red blood cells) of reclassification was 90% to 100% and the false-negative rate was < 5%. However, direct microscopic review was required when the \"Blasts/AbnLympho?\" and \"Atypical Lympho?\" flags were triggered.
CONCLUSIONS: Specialized review criteria are needed for women and children. An automated morphology identification system might help to improve the review criteria.

Localized amyloidosis is a rare condition characterized by the deposition of misfolding protein in a tissue, without other systemic manifestations. Only a small number of cases of localized amyloidosis of the tongue have been reported to date, in contrast to systemic amyloidosis, in which localization on the tongue is common. This study presents a rare case of localized amyloidosis of the tongue (amyloidoma) and provides a summary of the known literature of localized amyloidosis. This study describes the case of a 36-year-old female who presented with a swelling of the tongue base. The diagnosis of amyloidoma was made based on the findings of the physical examination, head and neck MRI findings and the histopathological examination with Congo red stain under polarized light. The histopathological diagnosis was as follows: Localized lambda light-chain amyloidosis. A thorough physical examination was performed by the ENT and Hematology/Oncology departments, without revealing signs of systemic disease. A series of hematological and imaging tests were also performed to verify that there was no sign of systemic involvement. The patient declined surgical excision and the 2-year follow-up did not reveal any changes in tumor dimension. Although the etiology of localized amyloidosis is yet not clear, the prolonged reaction of tissue plasma cells to environmental antigens may be a causative factor for the initiation of the neoplastic process.