背景:解决疾病变化特征的研究对于预防和控制疾病的发生和发展以及改善健康具有重要意义。然而,贵阳市居民非传染性疾病和恶性肿瘤的流行病学特征,中国,缺乏。
目的:本研究的目的是评估贵阳市居民非传染性疾病和非传染性疾病的患病率。贵州省,中国,并分析年龄之间的差异,性别,和地区。
方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法。根据纳入和排除标准,选择81,517个人进行研究。其中,77,381名(94.9%)参与者完成了研究。结构化问卷用于收集有关人口特征的信息,非传染性疾病,和MTs。卡方检验(95%置信区间)用于分析不同性别的疾病患病率差异,年龄,和地理区域。
结果:贵阳市居民主要的慢性非传染性疾病是肥胖,高血压,和糖尿病。女性的MTs主要是乳腺癌,宫颈癌,子宫内膜癌,而在男人中,MTs主要是肺癌,直肠癌,还有胃癌.女性高血压和糖尿病的患病率高于男性,但是男性肺癌和胃癌的患病率高于女性。不同生命阶段个体的流行病学特征不同。从区域分布来看,上述疾病在贵阳市白云和云岩区的患病率相对较高。
结论:几种非传染性疾病(肥胖,高血压,和糖尿病)和MTs(女性:乳腺癌,宫颈癌,子宫内膜癌;男性:肺癌,直肠癌,和胃癌)应成为未来预防和控制慢性病的重点。特别是,贵阳市白云和云岩区是重点地区。
BACKGROUND: Studies that address the changing characteristics of diseases are of great importance for preventing and controlling the occurrence and development of diseases and for improving health. However, studies of the epidemiological characteristics of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and malignant tumors (MTs) of the residents in Guiyang, China, are lacking.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this
study was to evaluate the prevalences of NCDs and MTs in residents of Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China, and analyze differences among ages, genders, and regions.
METHODS: A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 81,517 individuals were selected for the
study. Of these, 77,381 (94.9%) participants completed the
study. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information on demographic characteristics, NCDs, and MTs. The chi-square test (with 95% confidence intervals) was used to analyze differences in disease prevalence among genders, ages, and geographical regions.
RESULTS: The major chronic NCDs of Guiyang residents are obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. MTs in women are mostly breast cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer, whereas in men, MTs are mainly lung cancer, rectal cancer, and gastric cancer. The prevalences of hypertension and diabetes in women are higher than in men, but the prevalences of lung cancer and gastric cancer in men are higher than in women. The epidemiological characteristics of individuals in different life stages are dissimilar. In terms of regional distribution, the prevalences of the above diseases in the Baiyun and Yunyan districts of Guiyang are relatively high.
CONCLUSIONS: Several NCDs (obesity, hypertension, and diabetes) and MTs (women: breast cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer; men: lung cancer, rectal cancer, and gastric cancer) should be the focus for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in the future. In particular, the Baiyun and Yunyan districts of Guiyang are the important regions to emphasize.