目的:该项目的目的是研究改变动机对听力努力的主观评分以及听众选择控制或回避应对策略的可能性的影响。
方法:进行了两个实验,一个只有听觉(AO),一个有听觉-视觉(AV)刺激,两者都在噪声材料中使用相同的语音识别。使用了四个信噪比(SNR),每个实验两个。两个SNR的目标是80%和50%正确的性能。动机是通过让参与者仔细听演讲(低动机)来操纵的,或仔细听演讲,然后回答有关演讲的测验问题(高动机)。
方法:16名听力正常的参与者参加了每个实验。八名随机选择的参与者参加了这两个。
结果:使用AO和AV刺激,动机通常会增加听力努力和疲劳的主观评分。此外,使用听觉-视觉刺激,动机通常会增加听众为改善情况而做某事的意愿,并降低了他们避免这种情况的意愿。
结论:这些结果表明,听者的精神状态可能会影响倾听的努力和应对策略的选择。
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this project was to examine the effect of changing motivation on subjective ratings of listening effort and on the likelihood that a listener chooses either a controlling or an avoidance coping strategy.
METHODS: Two experiments were conducted, one with auditory-only (AO) and one with auditory-visual (AV) stimuli, both using the same speech recognition in noise materials. Four signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were used, two in each experiment. The two SNRs targeted 80% and 50% correct performance. Motivation was manipulated by either having participants listen carefully to the speech (low motivation), or listen carefully to the speech and then answer quiz questions about the speech (high motivation).
METHODS: Sixteen participants with normal hearing participated in each experiment. Eight randomly selected participants participated in both.
RESULTS: Using AO and AV stimuli, motivation generally increased subjective ratings of listening effort and tiredness. In addition, using auditory-visual stimuli, motivation generally increased listeners\' willingness to do something to improve the situation, and decreased their willingness to avoid the situation.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a listener\'s mental state may influence listening effort and choice of coping strategy.