目的:本研究的目的是建立一个以患者为中心的结果模型,该模型涉及在家中进行气管造口术的患者的自我管理任务和技能。
方法:使用四个搜索引擎进行了范围审查(Medline,CINAHL,PsycINFO,Cochrane图书馆)确定与此问题相关的研究,并自2000年以来发表。系统审查的首选报告项目和范围审查的荟萃分析声明(PRISMA-ScR),乔安娜·布里格斯研究所(JBI)进行和报告范围审查的方法,和参与者,概念,采用上下文(PCC)方案。对框架综合研究数据的以下要素进行了筛选,并提出了基于Lorig和Holman的自我管理模型。
结果:来自17个国家的34份出版物符合研究纳入标准:24份定量,8种定性和2种混合方法设计。关于自我管理的维度,28篇文章报道了“管理治疗方案”,27篇文章讨论了“管理角色和行为变化”,和16篇文章探讨了“管理情绪”。建立了气管切开术患者的自我管理模式,把病人放在中心,因为正是这个人完成了任务并发挥了他或她的技能。
结论:本范围综述首次全面概述和建模了气管造口术患者在其家庭环境中所需的复杂自我管理任务和技能。理论模型可以作为经验干预研究的基石,以更好地支持未来以患者为中心的结果。
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to create a model of patient-centered outcomes with respect to self-management tasks and skills of patients with a tracheostomy in their home setting.
METHODS: A scoping
review using four search engines was undertaken (Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library) to identify studies relevant to this issue and published since 2000. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statements for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) approach of conducting and reporting a scoping
review, and the Participants, Concept, Context (PCC) scheme were employed. The following elements of the framework synthesis study data were screened, and presented based on the self-management model of Lorig and Holman.
RESULTS: 34 publications from 17 countries met the criteria for study inclusion: 24 quantitative, 8 qualitative and 2 mixed methods designs. Regarding the dimensions of self-management, 28 articles reported on \"managing the therapeutic regimen\", 27 articles discussed \"managing role and behavior changes\", and 16 articles explored \"managing emotions\". A model of self-management of patients with tracheostomy was developed, which placed the patient in the center, since it is this individual who is completing the tasks and carrying out his or her skill sets.
CONCLUSIONS: This scoping
review represents the first comprehensive overview and modeling of the complex self-management tasks and skills required of patients with tracheostomy in their home setting. The theoretical model can serve as a cornerstone for empirical intervention studies to better support this patient-centered outcome for this population in the future.