就业是一种有意义的有价值的职业,身份,和归属。对于患有严重和持久精神疾病的人,就业也与个人康复和减少使用精神卫生服务有关。然而,这些人口在劳动力市场上的代表性仍然不足。对于患有严重和持久精神疾病的人来说,可持续就业往往具有挑战性。由于个人的结合,组织和系统问题。虽然个人安置和支持是一种基于证据的就业支持模式,已知可以提高精神疾病患者的工作素养,保留工作和持续的劳动力参与仍然是挑战。进行此叙述性文献综述是为了解决以下问题:“哪些职业服务模式和方法可以改善该人群的工作任期?”CinAHL,Medline,Embase,PsycINFO,和Cochrane图书馆在2005-2020年期间进行了搜索,使用关键术语和主题标题,包括严重的精神疾病,\“\”精神病患者*,\"\"工作任期,\"和\"作业保留。“一些辅助干预措施可能会提高工作保留率,包括技能培训,认知干预,心理干预,并支持教育,虽然社会公司提供了一种不同的方法,专注于创造新的,可持续的就业机会。同伴的支持以及家人和朋友的支持似乎也很重要,新出现的证据表明,就业专家的做法,技术,自我管理,和工作场所住宿也可能各自影响工作任期。服务提供商可以更多地利用这些非临床职业方法来改善患有严重和持久精神疾病的人的就业保留率。
Employment is a valued occupation that offers a sense of meaning, identity, and belonging. For people with severe and enduring mental illness, employment has also been associated with personal recovery and decreased use of mental health services. However, this population continues to be underrepresented in the labor market. Sustainable employment is often challenging for people with severe and enduring mental illness, due to a combination of personal, organizational and systemic issues. While Individual Placement and Support is an evidence-based model of employment support known to improve job attainment for people with mental illness, job retention and sustained workforce participation continue to be challenges. This narrative literature
review was undertaken to address the question: \"What vocational service models and approaches improve job tenure for this population?\" CinAHL, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library were searched for the period 2005-2020, using key terms and subject headings, including \"severe mental illness,\" \"psychiatric disabilit*,\" \"job tenure,\" and \"job retention.\" Several adjunct interventions may enhance job retention, including skills training, cognitive interventions, psychological interventions, and supported education, while social firms offer a different approach focused on creating new, sustainable job opportunities. Peer support and support from family and friends also appear to be important, and emerging evidence suggests that employment specialist practices, technology, self-management, and workplace accommodations may each also influence job tenure. Service providers could make more use of these non-clinical vocational approaches to improve employment retention for people with severe and enduring mental illness.