自2007年铁磁性纳米粒子(Fe3O4)首次被报道具有类酶活性以来,随着对纳米酶的深入研究和相关纳米技术的快速发展,纳米酶的研究取得了广泛进展。作为天然酶的有希望的替代品,纳米酶拓宽了临床医学的道路,食品安全,环境监测,和化学生产。在过去的十年中,基于金属和金属氧化物的纳米酶因其出色的物理化学特性和低成本而迅速发展。高稳定性,和易于存储。众所周知,对催化活性和机理的深入研究对纳米酶的应用产生了重大影响。这篇综述深入探讨了基于金属和金属氧化物的纳米酶的特征和内在特性,特别强调它们的催化机理和在生物分析中的最新应用,缓解炎症,抗菌,和癌症治疗。我们还总结了当前的挑战,并为金属和金属氧化物纳米材料构成的纳米酶的未来研究提供了见解。
Since the ferromagnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were firstly reported to exert enzyme-like activity in 2007, extensive research progress in nanozymes has been made with deep investigation of diverse nanozymes and rapid development of related nanotechnologies. As promising alternatives for natural enzymes, nanozymes have broadened the way toward clinical medicine, food safety, environmental monitoring, and chemical production. The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of metal- and metal oxide-based nanozymes owing to their remarkable physicochemical properties in parallel with low cost, high stability, and easy storage. It is widely known that the deep study of catalytic activities and mechanism sheds significant influence on the applications of nanozymes. This
review digs into the characteristics and intrinsic properties of metal- and metal oxide-based nanozymes, especially emphasizing their catalytic mechanism and recent applications in biological analysis, relieving inflammation, antibacterial, and cancer therapy. We also conclude the present challenges and provide insights into the future research of nanozymes constituted of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials.