甲型流感病毒是威胁人类和动物健康的最具挑战性的病毒之一。不断发展和跨越物种屏障,新型人畜共患病原体的出现是全球卫生安全面临的最大挑战之一。在过去的十年里,狗的流感病毒感染受到了相当大的关注,由于两种犬H3N8和H3N2亚型在美国和南亚引起了几次疫情,成为地方病。猫,尽管文献中记载的较少,似乎仍然容易感染许多禽流感。虽然流感流行对犬科动物和猫科动物的健康构成威胁,对人类的风险在很大程度上是未知的。这里,我们回顾了狗和猫中甲型流感病毒流行病学的最新知识,这些物种宿主能力的现有证据,维持种内传输,并通过基因组重组产生新的流感A谱系。这种增强的理解表明,有必要加强对伴侣动物-人类界面所起作用的监测,鉴于“一个健康”的概念和新型人畜共患病毒的潜在出现。
Influenza A viruses are amongst the most challenging viruses that threaten both human and animal health. Constantly evolving and crossing species barrier, the emergence of novel zoonotic pathogens is one of the greatest challenges to global health security. During the last decade, considerable attention has been paid to influenza virus infections in dogs, as two canine H3N8 and H3N2 subtypes caused several outbreaks through the United States and Southern Asia, becoming endemic. Cats, even though less documented in the literature, still appear to be susceptible to many avian influenza infections. While influenza epidemics pose a threat to canine and feline health, the risks to humans are largely unknown. Here, we
review most recent knowledge of the epidemiology of influenza A viruses in dogs and cats, existing evidences for the abilities of these species to host, sustain intraspecific transmission, and generate novel flu A lineages through genomic reassortment. Such enhanced understanding suggests a need to reinforce surveillance of the role played by companion animals-human interface, in light of the \"One Health\" concept and the potential emergence of novel zoonotic viruses.