蓝舌病毒(BTV)和流行性出血病病毒(EHDV)是主要通过其生物载体传播的Orbivirus,库利科雷斯属。Latreille,1809年(双翅目:Cer科)。这些病毒可以感染多种脊椎动物宿主,导致全球国内和野生反刍动物的疾病爆发。这项研究,在贝洛奥里藏特市政公园和Zoobotany基金会(FPMZB-BH)进行,米纳斯吉拉斯州,巴西,专注于Orbivirus及其载体。Culicoidesspp的集合。于2021年12月9日至2022年11月18日在FPMZB-BH进行。在夏季观察到这些昆虫的患病率较高,尤其是在二月。温度升高等因素,高湿度,粪便积聚,靠近大型动物,像骆驼和大象,与Culicoides捕获增加有关。在已确定的库利科雷氏物种中。物种,CulicoidesInsignisLutz,1913年,占75%,和CulicoidespusillusLutz,1913年,收集到的Mid的6%,两者都被描述为有能力传播Orbivirus的载体。此外,米纳斯吉拉斯州以前未报告的物种,DebilipalpisLutz,1913年,被确认,也被怀疑是这些Orbivirus的传播者。分析了一些Culicoides物种的摄食偏好,显示C.Insignis以鹿为食,马鹿(Cervuselaphus)和欧洲小鹿(DamaDama)。不同的Culicoides属。还确定以人类为食,引起人们对该地点虫媒病毒潜在传播的担忧。并行,来自14个易感物种的72份血清样本,包括各种子宫颈,2012年至2022年从FPMZB-BH血清库收集,对BTV和EHDV进行了琼脂凝胶免疫扩散(AGID)测试。结果显示BTV的血清阳性率为75%,EHDV的血清阳性率为19%。测试后分析显示,在不同年份中,tap和休养鹿中针对BTV的抗体以及针对Gemsbok中针对EHDV的抗体存在差异。这些研究证实了BTV和EHDV载体的存在,以及动物园中潜在的病毒传播。因此,实施控制措施对于防止易感物种感染和发展临床疾病至关重要。
Bluetongue Virus (BTV) and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) are Orbiviruses primarily transmitted by their biological vector, Culicoides spp. Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). These viruses can infect a diverse range of vertebrate hosts, leading to disease outbreaks in domestic and wild ruminants worldwide. This
study, conducted at the Belo Horizonte Municipal Parks and Zoobotany Foundation (FPMZB-BH), Minas Gerais, Brazil, focused on Orbivirus and its vectors. Collections of Culicoides spp. were carried out at the FPMZB-BH from 9 December 2021 to 18 November 2022. A higher prevalence of these insects was observed during the summer months, especially in February. Factors such as elevated temperatures, high humidity, fecal accumulation, and proximity to large animals, like camels and elephants, were associated with increased Culicoides capture. Among the identified Culicoides spp. species, Culicoides insignis Lutz, 1913, constituted 75%, and Culicoides pusillus Lutz, 1913, 6% of the collected midges, both described as competent vectors for Orbivirus transmission. Additionally, a previously unreported species in Minas Gerais, Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz, 1913, was identified, also suspected of being a transmitter of these Orbiviruses. The feeding preferences of some Culicoides species were analyzed, revealing that C. insignis feeds on deer, Red deer (Cervus elaphus) and European fallow deer (Dama dama). Different Culicoides spp. were also identified feeding on humans, raising concerns about the potential transmission of arboviruses at the site. In parallel, 72 serum samples from 14 susceptible species, including various Cervids, collected between 2012 and 2022 from the FPMZB-BH serum bank, underwent Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) testing for BTV and EHDV. The results showed 75% seropositivity for BTV and 19% for EHDV. Post-testing analysis revealed variations in antibody presence against BTV in a tapir and a fallow deer and against EHDV in a gemsbok across different years. These studies confirm the presence of BTV and EHDV vectors, along with potential virus circulation in the zoo. Consequently, implementing control measures is essential to prevent susceptible species from becoming infected and developing clinical diseases.