提供了许多针对痴呆症的指南，以支持痴呆症患者及其非正式护理人员处理痴呆症。然而,这些准则在多大程度上解决了道德问题，并为处理这些问题提供了指导，目前还没有评估。这项研究调查了伦理问题在这些指南中得到解决的程度，考虑哪些道德主题以及提供哪些建议。我们分析了通过在线搜索引擎和与相关政府的手动联系收集的丹麦语，2020年11月至2021年1月的市政和患者组织。为了评估这些准则中道德问题的范围，我们利用Beauchamp和Childress的生物医学伦理学的四项原则和受系统评价启发的数据处理方法，设计了一个分析框架。我们总共收集了653份痴呆症指南，并使用正式的纳入标准对其进行了筛选。例如出版年份，目标群体和公共可用性。对满足这些标准的指南进行了筛选，以查找与道德问题和建议相关的内容。然后将解决道德问题的准则编码在NVivo12中，并使用主题文本分析进行分析。总的来说,59条准则满足正式纳入标准。在这些准则中,15解决了道德问题，分为四个横向主题：（1）对疾病持开放态度，（2）接受帮助，（3）有尊严的行为与超越界限之间的界限；（4）决策与自治。丹麦痴呆症特定指南中解决的道德问题多种多样。然而,所解决的问题并不代表相关文献中确定的全面的道德问题，只有少数准则包含实质性的道德内容。总之,这项研究表明,针对痴呆症的指南无法满足伦理问题指导的需求,需要进一步的研究来提供额外的伦理指导,使痴呆症患者及其非正式护理人员受益.
Numerous dementia-specific
guidelines are offered to support people with dementia and their informal caregivers in dealing with dementia. However, the extent to which such
guidelines address ethical issues and provide guidance for dealing with the issues has not yet been assessed. This study investigates the extent to which ethical issues are addressedin those guidelines, which ethical themes are considered and whatrecommendations are offered. We analysed Danish collected via onlinesearch engines and manual contact with relevant governmental, municipal and patient organisations from November 2020 to January 2021. To assess the scope of ethical issues in such guidelines, we devised an analytical framework using Beauchamp and Childress\'s four principles of biomedical ethics and a data-processing method inspired by systematic reviews. We collected a total 653 dementia
guidelines and screened them using formal inclusion criteria, such as publication year, target group and public availability. The guidelines that satisfied these criteria were screened for content related to ethical issues and recommendations. The guidelines that addressed ethical issues were then coded in NVivo 12 and analysed using thematic text analysis. In total, 59
guidelines satisfied the formal inclusion criteria. Among these guidelines, 15 addressed ethical issues, which fell into four transversal themes: (1) being open about the disease, (2) accepting help, (3) the line between dignified behaviour and overstepping boundaries and (4) decision-making and autonomy. The ethical issues addressed in Danish dementia-specific
guidelines were diverse. However, the addressed issues did not represent a comprehensive spectrum of ethical issues as identified in relevant literature, and only a few guidelines contained substantial ethical content. In conclusion, this study indicates that the need for guidance on ethical issues is not being met by dementia-specific guidelines and that further research is required to provide additional ethical guidance that benefits people with dementia and their informal caregivers.
