■疫苗相关的麻痹性脊髓灰质炎(VAPP)是口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗(OPV)的罕见不良事件,特别影响免疫缺陷个体。
■本研究旨在(1)使用疫苗不良事件报告系统(VAERS)数据库评估OPV和VAPP之间的关联(2)通过对病例报告和病例系列的系统回顾,概述OPV接受者中与VAPP发生相关的患者特征和风险因素。使用VAERS的数据进行了不成比例的分析,包括1990年至2023年2月报告的不良事件。此外,我们使用PubMed对病例报告和病例系列进行了系统审查,Scopus,和Embase数据库。
■VAERS数据显示,在1,739,903个OPV相关不良事件中,有130个VAPP报告,与2010年报告的最强协会。对37项研究的系统评价强调了疫苗接种后2个月至4年内VAPP的发生。通常伴有急性弛缓性麻痹。免疫缺陷和肛周脓肿是主要的危险因素。在37项纳入的研究中,27使用WHO-AEFI因果关系评估工具显示VAPP与OPV的因果关系一致。
■该研究强调了VAPP的严重性,并强调了其与OPV的关联,确定免疫缺陷是VAPP表现的重要因素。
UNASSIGNED: Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) is a rare adverse event of oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV), particularly affecting immunodeficient individuals.
UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to (1) Assess the association between OPV and VAPP using Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) database (2) Outline patient characteristics and risk factors associated with the occurrence of VAPP in OPV recipients through a systematic
review of case reports and case series. A disproportionality analysis was conducted using the data from VAERS, encompassing adverse events reported from 1990 till February 2023. Additionally, we conducted a systematic
review of case reports and case series using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases.
UNASSIGNED: The VAERS data revealed 130 VAPP reports among 1,739,903 OPV linked adverse events, with year 2010 reporting the strongest association. The systematic
review of 37 studies highlighted VAPP occurrence within 2 months to 4 years post-vaccination, typically with acute flaccid paralysis.
Immunodeficiency and perianal abscess emerged as major risk factors. Out of the 37 included studies, 27 showed consistent causal association of VAPP with OPV using WHO-AEFI causality assessment tool.
UNASSIGNED: The study emphasized the seriousness of VAPP and highlights its association with OPV, identifying
immunodeficiency as a prominent contributor to VAPP manifestation.